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Standard Malay, the language spoken by the ethnic Malays, who make up over 65% of Brunei's population, [1] is the official language of Brunei. [2] However, the most widely spoken language in Brunei is Brunei Malay, which differs greatly from Standard Malay in areas like pronunciation, lexis and syntax. [3]
Amidst these changes, the early 1960s saw the establishment of the Pakatan Sang Jati Dusun (PSJD) in Bukit Udal. This association aimed to preserve Dusun language, culture and unity. Despite challenges, PSJD continues to be a cultural reference point and plays a role in promoting cultural awareness among younger generations.
English is widely used as a business and official language and it is spoken by a majority of the population in Brunei. English is used in business as a working language and as the language of instruction from primary to tertiary education. [185] [186] [187] [188]
English is widely used as a business, all official documents are reproduced in English, and it is spoken by a majority of the population in Brunei, [21] though some people have only a rudimentary knowledge of the language. [22] There is one daily English language newspaper, Borneo Bulletin.
The northwest coast of Borneo, areas with large concentration of Bruneian Malays in Brunei and East Malaysia. As per an official statistics, the "Bruneian Malays" term only became official after the 1921 Brunei Ethnic Categories Census, which is different from the 1906 and 1911 census which only mentioned "Barunays" (Brunei's or Bruneian).
The dialect used in all official proceedings and official communication, the language is also a common language and a symbol of interethnic cooperation in this nation. The seven indigenous tribes included in the 1959 Brunei Constitution—Brunei Malay, Kedayan, Belait Malay, Tutong Malay, Bisaya, Dusun, and Murut—are referred to as Brunei Malay.
The Brunei Malay, also called Bruneian Malay (Malay: Bahasa Melayu Brunei; Jawi: بهاس ملايو بروني ), is the most widely spoken language in Brunei Darussalam and a lingua franca in some parts of Sarawak and Sabah, such as Labuan, Limbang, Lawas, Sipitang, and Papar.
The Kedayan language is similar to Brunei Malay, and it has been claimed that as many as 94% of the words in the two languages are cognate. [ 10 ] The main differences in pronunciation are that Kedayan has initial /h/ while Brunei Malay does not, so Kedayan hutan (forest) is utan in Brunei Malay; [ 11 ] and Kedayan does not have /r/, so Malay ...