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The atypical antipsychotics (AAP), also known as second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and serotonin–dopamine antagonists (SDAs), [1] [2] are a group of antipsychotic drugs (antipsychotic drugs in general are also known as tranquilizers and neuroleptics, although the latter is usually reserved for the typical antipsychotics) largely introduced after the 1970s and used to treat psychiatric ...
Antipsychotics by class Generic name Brand names Chemical class ATC code Typical antipsychotics; Acepromazine: Atravet, Acezine: phenothiazine: N05AA04
However, there are some differences when it comes to typical and atypical antipsychotics. For example, atypical antipsychotic medications have been seen to lower the neurocognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia more than conventional antipsychotics, although the reasoning and mechanics of this are still unclear to researchers. [29]
Pimavanserin, sold under the brand name Nuplazid, is an atypical antipsychotic which is approved for the treatment of Parkinson's disease psychosis. [3] [4] It is taken by mouth. [3] Side effects of pimavanserin include peripheral edema and confusion. [3]
Lumateperone, sold under the brand name Caplyta, is an atypical antipsychotic medication of the butyrophenone class. It is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia as well as bipolar depression, as either monotherapy or adjunctive therapy (with lithium or valproate). [2]
Brexpiprazole, sold under the brand name Rexulti among others, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used for the treatment of major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. [11] [13] [14] The most common side effects include akathisia (a constant urge to move) and weight gain. [12]
Nemonapride has been described both as a typical antipsychotic [1] and as an atypical antipsychotic. [9] It is a potent and selective dopamine D 2, D 3, and D 4 receptor antagonist. [1] Its affinities (K i) for these receptors are 0.16 nM for the dopamine D 2 receptor, 0.26 nM for the dopamine D 3 receptor, and 0.31 nM for the dopamine D 4 ...
Iloperidone is indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia and mania or mixed episodes in bipolar I disorder. [2] [3] In a 2013 study in a comparison of 15 antipsychotic drugs in effectivity in treating schizophrenic symptoms, iloperidone demonstrated mild effectiveness — as effective as lurasidone, and 13 to 15% less effective than ziprasidone, chlorpromazine, and asenapine. [4]