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Toluene (or methylbenzene) is a common chemical found in chemistry laboratories. An alkylbenzene is a chemical compound that contains a monocyclic aromatic ring attaching to one or more saturated hydrocarbon chains. [1] Alkylbenzenes are derivatives of benzene, in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl groups.
Benzyl chloride is prepared industrially by the gas-phase photochemical reaction of toluene with chlorine: [3] C 6 H 5 CH 3 + Cl 2 → C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl + HCl. In this way, approximately 100,000 tonnes are produced annually. The reaction proceeds by the free radical process, involving the intermediacy of free chlorine atoms. [4]
Chlorotoluenes are aryl chlorides based on toluene in which at least one aromatic hydrogen atom is replaced with a chlorine atom. They have the general formula C 7 H 8–n Cl n, where n = 1–5 is the number of chlorine atoms.
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula CH 3 (whereas normal methane has the formula CH 4). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many organic compounds. It is a very stable group in ...
Usually a C-H bond is converted to a C-Cl bond. Photochlorination is carried out on an industrial scale. The process is exothermic and proceeds as a chain reaction initiated by the homolytic cleavage of molecular chlorine into chlorine radicals by ultraviolet radiation. Many chlorinated solvents are produced in this way.
Trichlorobenzene (TCB) may refer to any of three isomeric chlorinated derivatives of benzene with the molecular formula C 6 H 3 Cl 3. They differ by the positions of the chlorine atoms around the ring: 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene; 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene; 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene
Chlorobenzene (abbreviated PhCl) is an aryl chloride and the simplest of the chlorobenzenes, consisting of a benzene ring substituted with one chlorine atom. Its chemical formula is C 6 H 5 Cl. This colorless, flammable liquid is a common solvent and a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals. [6]
Chlorobenzenes are a group of aryl chlorides/halobenzenes consisting of one or more chlorine atoms as substituents on a benzene core. They have the formula C 6 H 6–n Cl n, where n = 1–6 is the number of chlorine atoms. Depending on the number of chlorine substituents, there may be several constitutional isomers possible. Monochlorobenzene ...