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Italian makes use of the T–V distinction in second-person address. The second-person nominative pronoun is tu for informal use, and for formal use, the third-person form Lei (and historically Ella) has been used since the Renaissance. [6] [17] It is used like Sie in German, usted in Spanish, and vous in French.
Catalan uses the singular pronouns tu (informal) and vostè (formal), while vosaltres (informal) and vostès (formal) are used for two or more addressees. The form vós , used instead of tu to address someone respectfully, follows the same concordance rules as the French vous (verbs in second person plural, adjectives in singular), and vostè ...
In Italian, (Signor) Vincenzo Rossi can be addressed with the tu (familiar) form or the Lei (formal) one, but complete addresses range from Tu, Vincenzo (peer to peer or family) and Tu, Rossi (teacher to high-school student, as stated above) to Lei, signor Vincenzo (live-in servant to master or master's son) and Lei, Rossi (senior staff member ...
Ciao (/ tʃ aʊ / CHOW, Italian: ⓘ) is an informal salutation in the Italian language that is used for both "hello" and "goodbye". Originally from the Venetian language , it has entered the vocabulary of English and of many other languages around the world.
vai "you are going" (informal) va "you are going" (formal) The irregular verb essere has the same form in the first person singular and third person plural. sono "I am"/"they are" The forms vado and faccio are the standard Italian first person singular forms of the verbs andare and fare, but vo and fo are used in the Tuscan dialect.
In formal settings, it is a title reserved for royalty, select nobles, knights, dames, and church hierarchs. Informally, it is sometimes used as a mark of esteem for a person of personal, social or official distinction, such as a community leader of long standing, or a person of significant wealth.
In linguistics, an honorific (abbreviated HON) is a grammatical or morphosyntactic form that encodes the relative social status of the participants of the conversation. . Distinct from honorific titles, linguistic honorifics convey formality FORM, social distance, politeness POL, humility HBL, deference, or respect through the choice of an alternate form such as an affix, clitic, grammatical ...
Formal system, an abstract means of generating inferences in a formal language; Formal language, comprising the symbolic "words" or "sentences" of a formal system; Formal grammar, a grammar describing a formal language; Colloquialism, the linguistic style used for informal communication