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Iron tests are groups of clinical chemistry laboratory blood tests that are used to evaluate body iron stores or the iron level in blood serum. Other terms used for the same tests are iron panel , iron profile , iron indices , iron status or iron studies .
A moderate degree of iron-deficiency anemia affects approximately 610 million people worldwide or 8.8% of the population. [75] It is slightly more common in females (9.9%) than males (7.8%). [75] Up to 15% of children ages 1–3 years have iron deficiency anemia. [48] Mild iron deficiency anemia affects another 375 million. [75]
The underlying mechanism involves some of the iron in hemoglobin being converted from the ferrous [Fe 2+] to the ferric [Fe 3+] form. [3] The diagnosis is often suspected based on symptoms and a low blood oxygen that does not improve with oxygen therapy. [3] Diagnosis is confirmed by a blood gas. [3]
Iron deficiency, or sideropenia, is the state in which a body lacks enough iron to supply its needs. Iron is present in all cells in the human body and has several vital functions, such as carrying oxygen to the tissues from the lungs as a key component of the hemoglobin protein, acting as a transport medium for electrons within the cells in the form of cytochromes, and facilitating oxygen ...
Nutritional causes are vitamin and mineral deficiencies and non-nutritional causes include infections. The number one cause of this type of anemia, however, is iron deficiency. [12] An insufficient intake of iron, Vitamin B12, and folic acid impairs the bone marrow function. The lack of iron within a person's body can also stem from ulcer bacteria.
Iron-deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia overall and it has many causes. RBCs often appear hypochromic (paler than usual) and microcytic (smaller than usual) when viewed with a microscope. Iron-deficiency anemia is due to insufficient dietary intake or absorption of iron to meet the body's needs. Infants, toddlers, and pregnant ...
The most common causes of microcytic anemia are iron deficiency (due to inadequate dietary intake, gastrointestinal blood loss, or menstrual blood loss), thalassemia, sideroblastic anemia or chronic disease. In iron deficiency anemia (microcytic anemia), it can be as low as 60 to 70 femtolitres
If the result is greater than 13, then iron-deficiency anemia is said to be more likely. [4] [3] The principle involved is as follows: In iron deficiency, the marrow cannot produce as many RBCs and they are small (microcytic), so the RBC count and the MCV will both be low, and as a result, the index will be greater than 13.