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Xylitol is poisonous to dogs. [8] Ingesting 100 milligrams of xylitol per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg bw) causes dogs to experience a dose-dependent insulin release; depending on the dose it can result in life-threatening hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemic symptoms of xylitol toxicity may arise as quickly as 30 to 60 minutes after ingestion.
Some peanut butter will also contain xylitol. Xylitol can cause liver failure and hypoglycemia because it stimulates rapid insulin production in the canine pancreas. [11] Potential symptoms include loss of coordination, vomiting, or seizures. [12] Xylitol is not always clearly labeled on sugar-free foods.
Dogs are prone to have adverse allergic reactions to food similar to human beings. The most common symptoms of food allergies in dogs include rashes, swelling, itchy or tender skin, and gastrointestinal upsets such as uncontrollable bowel movements and soft stools. [82] Certain ingredients in dog food can elicit these allergic reactions.
Xylooligosaccharides have been commercially available since the 1980s, originally produced by Suntory in Japan. They have more recently become more widely available commercially, as technologies have advanced and production costs have fallen. Some enzymes from yeast can exclusively convert xylan into only xylooligosaccharides-DP-3 to 7. [2]
Constipation is a bowel dysfunction that makes bowel movements infrequent or hard to pass. [2] The stool is often hard and dry. [4] Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if one has not completely passed the bowel movement. [3]
Trident gum contains the sugar alcohol xylitol, which is known as a "tooth-friendly" sugar. [3] Use of the chemical has been subject to controversy, as it is highly toxic to dogs. [4] [5] Trident has been sued for false labeling over its depiction of a blue mint leaf on its Trident original-flavor gum when the gum lacks any real mint. [6]
Alcoholic beverages are extremely harmful to dogs, [72] and often for reasons of additives such as xylitol, an artificial sweetener in some mixers. Dogs can absorb ethyl alcohol in dangerous amounts through their skin as well as through drinking the liquid or consuming it in foods. Even fermenting bread dough can be dangerous to dogs. [73]
Alimentary pentosuria can be acquired through fruits high in pentose. [7] Finally, drug-induced pentosuria can be developed by those exposed to morphine, fevers, allergies, and some hormones. [7] Those diagnosed with Pentosuria are predominantly of Jewish heritage. [1] It is a harmless defect, and no cure is needed. [9]