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The Laser Interferometer ... The two LIGO observatories use mirrors spaced four kilometers apart ... The prevailing explanation of most short gamma-ray bursts is the ...
A gamma-ray laser, or graser, is a hypothetical device that would produce coherent gamma rays, just as an ordinary laser produces coherent rays of visible light. [1] Potential applications for gamma-ray lasers include medical imaging, spacecraft propulsion, and cancer treatment.
In radiology, X-rays are collimated to reduce the volume of the patient's tissue that is irradiated, and to remove stray photons that reduce the quality of the x-ray image ("film fog"). In scintigraphy , a gamma ray collimator is used in front of a detector to allow only photons perpendicular to the surface to be detected.
Example of a particle collimator. A collimator is a device which narrows a beam of particles or waves. To narrow can mean either to cause the directions of motion to become more aligned in a specific direction (i.e., make collimated light or parallel rays), or to cause the spatial cross section of the beam to become smaller (beam limiting device).
While many scientists remain optimistic that a breakthrough is near, an operational gamma-ray laser is yet to be realized. [84] Some of the early studies were directed toward short pulses of neutrons exciting the upper isomer state in a solid so the gamma-ray transition could benefit from the line-narrowing of Mössbauer effect.
MAGIC detects particle showers released by gamma rays, using the Cherenkov radiation, i.e., faint light radiated by the charged particles in the showers. With a diameter of 17 meters for the reflecting surface, it was the largest in the world before the construction of H.E.S.S. II .
If a sufficient intensity is reached, a laser beam incident on a substrate (such as fused silica [1]) will cause the substrate to ionize and the resulting plasma will reflect the incoming beam with the qualities of an ordinary mirror. A single plasma mirror can be used only one time, as during the interaction the beam ionizes the substrate and ...
The beamline includes X-ray optical devices which control the bandwidth, photon flux, beam dimensions, focus, and collimation of the rays. The optical devices include slits, attenuators, crystal monochromators, and mirrors. The mirrors may be bent into curves or toroidal shapes to focus the beam. A high photon flux in a small area is the most ...