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Loudspeaker measurement is the practice of determining the behaviour of loudspeakers by measuring various aspects of performance. This measurement is especially important because loudspeakers, being transducers, have a higher level of distortion than other audio system components used in playback or sound reinforcement.
The 1925 paper [1] of Chester W. Rice and Edward W. Kellogg, fueled by advances in radio and electronics, increased interest in direct radiator loudspeakers. In 1930, A. J. Thuras of Bell Labs patented (US Patent No. 1869178) his "Sound Translating Device" (essentially a vented box) which was evidence of the interest in many types of enclosure design at the time.
Output power for amplifiers is ideally measured and quoted as maximum Root Mean Square power output per channel, at a specified distortion level at a particular load, which, by convention and government regulation, is considered the most meaningful measure of power available on music signals, though real, non-clipping music has a high peak-to ...
Sensitivity (dB SPL for 1 watt input) Maximum power handling; Non-linear distortion; Colouration (i.e., more or less, delayed resonance). It is the performance of a loudspeaker/listening room combination that really matters, as the two interact in multiple ways. There are two approaches to high-quality reproduction.
The Audio Critic - Thirty-year publication, now online only, with in-depth independent verification of vendors' claims. Stereophile - Largest, oldest, and most read subjectivist magazine includes online reviews and articles. Audiocheck - Site for testing audio equipment and speakers; YouTube - 1-minute audio test for speakers and headphones
Two methods can be used to measure the minimal audible stimulus [2] and therefore the absolute threshold of hearing. Minimal audible field involves the subject sitting in a sound field and stimulus being presented via a loudspeaker. [2] [14] The sound level is then measured at the position of the subject's head with the subject not in the sound ...
3 front channels + 2 rear channels + 3 channels reproduced in the rear in total + 1 LFE channel = 3/2:3.1 The term stereo, although popularised in reference to two channel audio, historically also referred to surround sound, as it strictly means "solid" (three-dimensional) sound. However this is no longer common usage and "stereo sound" almost ...
A line array is a loudspeaker system that is made up of a number of usually identical loudspeaker elements mounted in a line and fed in phase, to create a near-line source of sound. The distance between adjacent drivers is close enough that they constructively interfere with each other to send sound waves farther than traditional horn-loaded ...