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  2. Uthmanic codex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthmanic_codex

    Uthman's Qurans were written without dots and formulas so that they could be read with the seven Ahruf in which the Quran was revealed, during this period, conquests expanded, and many non-Arabic-speaking nations were converted to Islam. Foreign language was widespread among the people and there was a lot of melody even among the Arabs ...

  3. Uthmaniyya - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthmaniyya

    These labelled Uthmani those Sunnis who considered Uthman superior to Ali (i.e. Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali). The majority of the Sunnis hold to this latter ordering and are in this sense Uthmani. Moreover, there were Zaydi Shia and Mu'tazila , who considered Ali superior to both Abu Bakr and Umar but nonetheless acknowledged their caliphate as ...

  4. Samarkand Kufic Quran - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samarkand_Kufic_Quran

    The Samarkand Kufic Quran (also known as the Mushaf Uthmani, Samarkand codex, Tashkent Quran and Uthman Qur'an) is a manuscript Quran, or mushaf, and is one of the 6 manuscripts which were penned under the caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan. They represented an effort to compile the Qur'an into a standardized version.

  5. Uthman - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthman

    In about AD 650, Uthman began noticing slight differences in recitations of the Quran as Islam expanded beyond the Arabian Peninsula into Persia, the Levant, and North Africa. In order to preserve the sanctity of the text, he ordered a committee headed by Zayd ibn Thabit to use caliph Abu Bakr 's copy and prepare a standardised version of the ...

  6. Rasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasm

    Rasm (Arabic: رَسْم) is an Arabic writing script often used in the early centuries of Classical Arabic literature (7th century – early 11th century AD). Essentially it is the same as today's Arabic script except for the big difference that the Arabic diacritics are omitted.

  7. Uthman ibn al-Huwayrith - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthman_ibn_al-Huwayrith

    Uthman was born into the clan of Asad ibn Abd-al-Uzza who belonged to the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. [4] He converted to monotheism while he was young – during a religious feast held by the Quraysh in celebration of their sacrifices made to the idol, Uthman and three of his relatives entered into a secret oath in which they agreed to renounce idol worship in favor of the Abrahamic religions. [5]

  8. Qira'at - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qira'at

    In Islam, qirāʼa (pl. qirāʼāt; Arabic: قراءات, lit. 'recitations or readings') refers to the ways or fashions that the Quran, the holy book of Islam, is recited. [1] More technically, the term designates the different linguistic, lexical, phonetic, morphological and syntactical forms permitted with reciting the Quran.

  9. Abu 'Amr 'Uthman - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_'Amr_'Uthman

    Uthman was born at the end of the month of Ramadan in the Hijri year 821, corresponding to early February, 1419. [1] He was the grandson of Abu Faris Abd al-Aziz II, the Hafsid ruler from 1394 to 1434, and the son of Abu Faris's original heir Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Mansur, who died in 1430, by a Valencian concubine named Riʾm.