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Live Universal Awareness Map, commonly known as Liveuamap, is an internet service to monitor and indicate activities on online geographic maps, particularly of locations with ongoing armed conflicts. [1] It was developed by the Ukrainian software engineers from Dnipro Rodion Rozhkovskiy and Oleksandr Bilchenko. [2]
A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge (the distance between the rails) broader than the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) used by standard-gauge railways.. Broad gauge of 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 + 27 ⁄ 32 in), more known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union countries (CIS states, Baltic states, Georgia, Ukraine) and Mongolia.
Drawing a line is gauge fixing. Drawing the line spoils the gauge symmetry, i.e., the circular symmetry U(1) of the cross section at each point of the rod. The line is the equivalent of a gauge function; it need not be straight. Almost any line is a valid gauge fixing, i.e., there is a large gauge freedom. In summary, to tell whether the rod is ...
Map of the world's railways showing the different gauges in use. Breaks of gauge generally occur where lines of different track gauge meet.. With railways, a break of gauge occurs where a line of one track gauge (the distance between the rails, or between the wheels of trains designed to run on those rails) meets a line of a different gauge.
A global track gauge map; A history of track gauge Archived 4 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine by George W. Hilton "Railroad Gauge Width". Archived from the original on 17 July 2012. – A list of railway gauges used or being used worldwide, including gauges that are obsolete.
In 1933, as many as 140 devices were proposed by inventors to solve the break-of-gauge problem, none of which was adopted. [34] Even dual gauge with a third rail for combining Irish gauge and standard gauge was rejected as too reckless, as the gap between these gauges of 6.5 inches (165 mm) was considered to be too small. [35]
Comparison of different gauges in India with standard gauge. Project Unigauge, started on 1 April 1992, [1] is an ongoing effort by Indian Railways to convert and unify almost all rail gauges in India to 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) broad gauge.
Mini Shinkansen (former conventional 1,067 mm or 3 ft 6 in narrow gauge lines that have been regauged into 1,435 mm or 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in standard gauge) and some private railways in Japan (including some lines of the Tokyo subway and all of the Osaka Metro) also use standard gauge; however, their loading gauges are different.