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Biogeology is the study of the interactions between the Earth's biosphere and the lithosphere. [1]Pyrite. Biogeology examines biotic, hydrologic, and terrestrial systems in relation to each other, to help understand the Earth's climate, oceans, and other effects on geologic systems.
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time.Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. [1]
A microbial mat in White Creek, Yellowstone National Park, USA.Note the conical microstructure of the bacterial communities. These are hypothesized to be a living analogue of ancient fossil stromatolites.
Artist's concept of the Earth 5–7.5 billion years from now, when the Sun has become a red giant While the future cannot be predicted with certainty, present understanding in various scientific fields allows for the prediction of some far-future events, if only in the broadest outline.
In addition to his journal articles, Awramik has written on a variety of topics related to biogeology. He co-authored a textbook on microbial sediments with Robert E. Riding, titled Microbial Sediments.
Biogeology – Study of the interactions between the Earth's biosphere and the lithosphere; Economic geology – Science concerned with earth materials of economic value; Engineering geology – Application of geology to engineering practice; Environmental geology – Science of the practical application of geology in environmental problems.
1809 – William Maclure conducts the first geological survey of the eastern United States 1813 – Georges Cuvier publishes his Essay on the Theory of the Earth, proposing catastrophism on the basis of his work in biostratigraphy
Evidence of possibly the oldest forms of life on Earth has been found in hydrothermal vent precipitates. [1]The earliest known life forms on Earth may be as old as 4.1 billion years (or Ga) according to biologically fractionated graphite inside a single zircon grain in the Jack Hills range of Australia. [2]