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Private variables are enforced in Python only by convention. Names can also be suffixed with an underscore to prevent conflict with Python keywords. Prefixing with double underscores changes behaviour in classes with regard to name mangling. Prefixing and suffixing with double underscores - the so-called "dunder" ("double under") methods in ...
Container classes are expected to implement CRUD-like methods to do the following: create an empty container (constructor); insert objects into the container; delete objects from the container; delete all the objects in the container (clear); access the objects in the container; access the number of objects in the container (count).
Python's is operator may be used to compare object identities (comparison by reference), and comparisons may be chained—for example, a <= b <= c. Python uses and, or, and not as Boolean operators. Python has a type of expression named a list comprehension, and a more general expression named a generator expression. [78]
A local class is a class defined within a procedure or function. Such structure limits references to the class name to within the scope where the class is declared. Depending on the semantic rules of the language, there may be additional restrictions on local classes compared to non-local ones.
C# uses of reification to provide "first-class" generic objects that can be used like any other class, with code generation performed at class-load time. [29] Furthermore, C# has added several major features to accommodate functional-style programming, culminating in the LINQ extensions released with C# 3.0 and its supporting framework of ...
In object-oriented (OO) and functional programming, an immutable object (unchangeable [1] object) is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created. [2] This is in contrast to a mutable object (changeable object), which can be modified after it is created. [3]
Identifier names may be prefixed by an at sign (@), but this is insignificant; @name is the same identifier as name. Microsoft has published naming conventions for identifiers in C#, which recommends the use of PascalCase for the names of types and most type members, and camelCase for variables and for private or internal fields. [ 1 ]
In an operating system, an example of namespace is a directory. Each name in a directory uniquely identifies one file or subdirectory. [9] As a rule, names in a namespace cannot have more than one meaning; that is, different meanings cannot share the same name in the same namespace.