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  2. Four Noble Truths - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Noble_Truths

    marga (road, path, way): the Noble Eightfold Path is the path leading to the confinement of this desire and attachment, and the release from dukkha. [g] [13] [14] The four truths appear in many grammatical forms in the ancient Buddhist texts, [15] and are traditionally identified as the first teaching given by the Buddha.

  3. Philosophical pessimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_pessimism

    According to Schopenhauer, one way to remove pain is to satisfy a desire, since to strive is to suffer, so once a desire is satisfied, suffering momentarily ceases. [42] Expanding on this idea, other thinkers suggest that cravings arise when we focus on external objects or perceive something undesirable in our current situation.

  4. Philosophy of desire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_desire

    The cause of this suffering is attachment to, or craving for worldly pleasures of all kinds and clinging to this very existence, our "self" and the things or people we—due to our delusions—deem the cause of our respective happiness or unhappiness. The suffering ends when the craving and desire ends, or one is freed from all desires by ...

  5. Stoic passions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoic_Passions

    The Stoics beginning with Zeno arranged the passions under four headings: distress, pleasure, fear and lust. [9] One report of the Stoic definitions of these passions appears in the treatise On Passions by Pseudo-Andronicus (trans. Long & Sedley, pg. 411, modified):

  6. Three marks of existence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_marks_of_existence

    In Buddhism, the three marks of existence are three characteristics (Pali: tilakkhaṇa; Sanskrit: त्रिलक्षण trilakṣaṇa) of all existence and beings, namely anicca (impermanence), dukkha (commonly translated as "suffering" or "cause of suffering", "unsatisfactory", "unease"), [note 1] and anattā (without a lasting essence).

  7. Rebirth (Buddhism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebirth_(Buddhism)

    Likewise, when we focus on decreasing our level of suffering and pain, once again our orientation will be outward, looking for scientific and technological breakthroughs to relieve our suffering. Human desire for ever-greater happiness seems to be insatiable, and a materialistic worldview strongly supports materialistic values and a way of life ...

  8. Hunt: Why do we respond the way we do to hardships? - AOL

    www.aol.com/hunt-why-respond-way-hardships...

    How we respond to hardships — as individuals, as communities, as a culture — is not so easy to figure out.

  9. Three poisons - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_poisons

    [1] [2] These three poisons are considered to be three afflictions or character flaws that are innate in beings and the root of craving, and so causing suffering and rebirth. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] The three poisons are symbolically shown at the center of the Buddhist Bhavachakra artwork, with the rooster, snake, and pig, representing greed, ill-will and ...