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Jochi's most important sons were Orda Khan and Batu Khan; they were the children of Sorghan and Öki respectively. Neither these women nor Begtütmish was the mother of Jochi's other notable son, Berke. The names of eleven other sons are known, but none had significant careers, reflecting the junior status of their mothers. [20]
Tuqa-Temür (also Toqa-Temür and Toghai-Temür, in the Perso-Arabic orthography of the sources rendered Tūqā-Tīmūr or Tūqāy-Tīmūr) was the thirteenth and perhaps youngest son of Jochi, the eldest son of Genghis Khan. He was a younger brother of Batu Khan and Berke Khan, the rulers of what came to be known as the Golden Horde.
Genghis Khan assigned four Mongol mingghans: the Sanchi'ud (or Salji'ud), Keniges, Uushin, and Je'ured clans to Jochi. [180] By the beginning of the 14th century, noyans from the Sanchi'ud, Hongirat , Ongud (Arghun), Keniges, Jajirad, Besud, Oirat , and Je'ured clans held importants positions at the court or elsewhere.
2 Jochi c. 1208–1227, 1st son of Genghis Khan (1), given west, predeceased father, ancestor of the khans of the Golden Horde. [5] 3 Batu Khan 28Y, 1227–1255, son of Jochi (2), 1236–42 conquered Russia and Ukraine, c 1250 founded capital Sarai on lower Volga. [6] 3a Orda Khan, elder brother of Batu (3), held east, see A below.
According to the detailed genealogies of the Muʿizz al-ansāb and the Tawārīḫ-i guzīdah-i nuṣrat-nāmah, Tokhtamysh was a descendant of Tuqa-Timur, the thirteenth son of Jochi, the eldest son of Genghis Khan.
The first chapter, The Resilience of the Felt-Walled Tents, provides a background on the rise to power of Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire in 1206. It considers the administration and society of the new empire, and details the campaigns it fought, especially against the Khwarazmian Empire between 1219 and 1221.
Batu Khan establishes the Golden Horde. The Golden Horde was founded by Batu, son of Jochi, in 1243. The Golden Horde included the Volga region, the Ural Mountains, the steppes of the northern Black Sea, the North Caucasus, Western Siberia, the Aral Sea and Irtysh basin, and held principalities of Rus' in tributary relations.
The Wings of the Golden Horde were subdivisions of the Golden Horde in the 13th to 15th centuries CE. Jochi, the eldest son of the Mongol Empire founder Genghis Khan, had several sons who inherited Jochi's dominions as fiefs under the rule of two of the brothers, Batu Khan and the elder Orda Khan who agreed that Batu enjoyed primacy as the supreme khan of the Golden Horde (Jochid Ulus).