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Lolium perenne, common name perennial ryegrass, [1] English ryegrass, winter ryegrass, or ray grass, is a grass from the family Poaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, but is widely cultivated and naturalised around the world.
The primary species found worldwide and used both for lawns and as a forage crop is perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Like many cool-season grasses of the Poaceae, it harbors a symbiotic fungal endophyte, either Epichloë or its close relative Neotyphodium, both of which are members of the fungal family Clavicipitaceae. [10] [11]
Leymus condensatus also commonly referred to as [2] Canyon Prince is a type of wild rye that is part of the Poaceae (Grass Family). It grows in bunches or clumps, a bunch grass, stays green all year, and has a distinctive silver blue foliage.
Lolium multiflorum (Italian rye-grass, [2] annual ryegrass) is a ryegrass native to temperate Europe, though its precise native range is unknown. [3] It is a herbaceous annual, biennial, or perennial grass that is grown for silage, and as a cover crop. [4] [5] It is also grown as an ornamental grass.
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Canada wild rye is a perennial bunchgrass reaching heights of 1 to 1.5 metres (3 ft 3 in to 4 ft 11 in). It grows from a small rhizome, forms a shallow, fine root network, and is a facultative mycotroph, receiving about 25% of its nutrients on average from symbiotic mycorrhizae. [5]
Leymus cinereus is a perennial bunchgrass forming large, tough clumps up to about 2 metres (6 + 1 ⁄ 2 feet) tall [4] and sometimes exceeding 1 m (3 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft) in diameter. It has a large, fibrous root system and sometimes small rhizomes.
Common chicory, Cichorium intybus, is a herbaceous perennial plant. In horticulture, the term (per-+ -ennial, "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. It has thus been defined as a plant that lives more than 2 years.