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Singapore (Malay: Singapura), officially the State of Singapore (Malay: Negeri Singapura), was one of the 14 states of Malaysia from 1963 to 1965. Malaysia was formed on 16 September 1963 by the merger of the Federation of Malaya with the former British colonies of North Borneo , Sarawak and Singapore .
A referendum on the terms of integration into the Federation of Malaya was held in Singapore on 1 September 1962. There were three options. At the time of the referendum, Singapore was a self-governing country since 1959, although the British Empire still controlled external relations.
The history of the Republic of Singapore began when Singapore was expelled from Malaysia and became an independent republic on 9 August 1965. [1] After the separation, the fledgling nation had to become self-sufficient, however was faced with problems including mass unemployment, housing shortages and lack of land and natural resources such as petroleum.
As a result of the agreement, Singapore permanently became distinct and separate from Malaysia with effect from 9 August 1965, and rendered the Malaysia Agreement invalid in regards to Singapore. It also became a member of the United Nations a few weeks later on 20 September with a unanimous decision. [ 2 ]
The Malaysian Parliament votes to expel Singapore from the Federation; Singapore becomes independent after separating from Malaysia. [6] On the same day, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was established, as well as the Ministry of Interior and Defence. [7] TV Singapura merges with Radio Singapura to form Radio and Television Singapore (RTS). [8]
The New Economic Policy (NEP) which began with the Second Malaysia Plan (1971–1975) and lasted until the Fifth Malaysia Plan (1986–1990), had three main objectives, namely: [1] To achieve national unity, harmony and integrity; Through socio-economic restructuring (of the society) To minimize the level of poverty in the country (poverty ...
In 1970, three-quarters of Malaysians living below the poverty line were ethnic Malays, most of whom were rural workers largely excluded from Malaysia's modern economy. The government introduced the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1971 to address these disparities, with a series of four five-year plans scheduled from 1971 to 1990. [ 204 ]
Singapore and Malaysia sign the separation agreement. 9 August: The Malaysian Parliament votes to expel Singapore from the Federation; Singapore becomes independent after separating from Malaysia. 21 September: Singapore is admitted into the United Nations as the 117th member. [47] 15 October: Singapore becomes the 23rd member of the ...