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Bulk density. In materials science, bulk density, also called apparent density, is a material property defined as the mass of the many particles of the material divided by the bulk volume. Bulk volume is defined as the total volume the particles occupy, including particle's own volume, inter-particle void volume, and the particles' internal ...
The Carr index (Carr's index[1] or Carr's Compressibility Index[2]) is an indicator of the compressibility of a powder. It is named after the scientist Ralph J. Carr, Jr. The Carr index is calculated by the formula , where is the freely settled bulk density of the powder, and is the tapped bulk density of the powder after "tapping down".
The Hausner ratio is a number that is correlated to the flowability of a powder or granular material. It is named after the engineer Henry H. Hausner (1900–1995). [1][2] The Hausner ratio is calculated by the formula. where is the freely settled bulk density of the powder, and is the tapped bulk density of the powder.
Strictly speaking, the bulk modulus is a thermodynamic quantity, and in order to specify a bulk modulus it is necessary to specify how the pressure varies during compression: constant- temperature (isothermal ), constant- entropy (isentropic ), and other variations are possible. Such distinctions are especially relevant for gases.
The physical properties of soil, in order of decreasing importance for ecosystem services such as crop production, are texture, structure, bulk density, porosity, consistency, temperature, colour and resistivity. [1] Soil texture is determined by the relative proportion of the three kinds of soil mineral particles, called soil separates: sand ...
A molecular sieve is a material with pores (molecule-sized holes) of uniform size which link the interior of the solid to its exterior. These materials embody the molecular sieve effect: "With respect to porous solids, the surface associated with pores communicating with the outside space may be called the internal surface.
An intensive property is not necessarily homogeneously distributed in space; it can vary from place to place in a body of matter and radiation. Examples of intensive properties include temperature, T; refractive index, n; density, ρ; and hardness, η. By contrast, an extensive property or extensive quantity is one whose magnitude is additive ...
Void ratio. The void ratio ( ) of a mixture of solids and fluids (gases and liquids), or of a porous composite material such as concrete, is the ratio of the volume of the voids ( ) filled by the fluids to the volume of all the solids ( ). It is a dimensionless quantity in materials science and in soil science, and is closely related to the ...