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Haiti became the second state in the Americas after the United States to gain independence from a European colonial power. [45] Haiti actively assisted the independence movements of many Latin American countries – and secured a promise from the great liberator, Simón Bolívar , that he would free slaves after winning independence from Spain.
As a result of the Peace of Basel, the part of Hispaniola under Spanish administration was ceded to France, and merged with the French colony of Saint Domingue.When the Haitian Revolution triumphed and independence was declared by Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the eastern part of the island remained under French control until the criollos revolted and Santo Domingo was reconquered by an Anglo ...
Spain sponsored a major exploration led by Italian explorer Christopher Columbus in 1492; it quickly led to extensive European colonization of the Americas. The Europeans brought Old World diseases which are thought to have caused catastrophic epidemics and a huge decrease of the native population .
Systematic European colonization began in 1492. A Spanish expedition sailed west to find a new trade route to the Orient, the source of spices, silks, porcelains, and other rich trade goods. Ottoman control of the Silk Road, the traditional route for trade between Europe and Asia, forced European traders to look for alternative routes.
White Haitians (French: Blancs haïtiens, [blɑ̃ (s)aisjɛ̃]; Haitian Creole: blan ayisyen), [1] are Haitians of predominant or full European descent. [2] There were approximately 20,000 whites around the Haitian Revolution, mainly French, in Saint-Domingue. They were divided into two main groups: The Planters and Petit Blancs. [3]
The governments of Haiti and the United States sign an agreement on the withdrawal of U.S. troops from the country and the end of the U.S. occupation 18 October: President Vincent of Haiti and President Rafael Leónidas Trujillo of the Dominican Republic meet for diplomatic talks in Ouanaminthe in northeastern Haiti, near the Dominican border 1934
The name Haiti (or Hayti) comes from the indigenous Taíno language and was the native name [3] [4] given to the entire island of Hispaniola to mean "land of high mountains." [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Christopher Columbus arrived on the island on December 5, 1492 and claimed it for the Spanish Empire , after which it became known as Hispaniola.
As part of a civilizing mission, the European principles of equality were translated into legislation abroad. For the French colonies, this meant the enforcement of the French penal code, the right to send a representative to parliament , and imposition of tariff laws as a form of economic assimilation.