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At 20 °C (68 °F) one liter of water can dissolve about 357 grams of salt, a concentration of 26.3 percent by weight (% w/w). At 100 °C (212 °F) (the boiling temperature of pure water), the amount of salt that can be dissolved in one liter of water increases to about 391 grams, a concentration of 28.1% w/w.
[100] [101] For example, MgCl 2 is named magnesium chloride, and Na 2 SO 4 is named sodium sulfate (SO 2− 4, sulfate, is an example of a polyatomic ion). To obtain the empirical formula from these names, the stoichiometry can be deduced from the charges on the ions, and the requirement of overall charge neutrality. [102]
Chemical formula Synonyms CAS number Ac 2 O 3: actinium(III) oxide: 12002-61-8 AgBF 4: Silver tetrafluoroborate: 14104-20-2 AgBr: silver bromide: 7785-23-1 AgBrO: silver hypobromite: AgBrO 2: silver bromite: AgBrO 3: silver bromate: 7783-89-3 AgBrO 4: silver perbromate: AgCl: silver chloride: 7783-90-6 AgCl 3 Cu 2: dicopper silver trichloride ...
The first solvation shell of a sodium ion dissolved in water. An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water. It is mostly shown in chemical equations by appending (aq) to the relevant chemical formula. For example, a solution of table salt, also known as sodium chloride (NaCl), in water would be represented as Na + (aq) + Cl ...
Salt/common salt – a mineral, sodium chloride, NaCl, formed by evaporating seawater (impure form). Salt of tartar – potassium carbonate; also called potash. Salt of hartshorn/sal volatile – ammonium carbonate formed by distilling bones and horns. Tin salt – hydrated stannous chloride; see also spiritus fumans, another chloride of tin.
The names "caffeine" and "3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione" both signify the same chemical compound.The systematic name encodes the structure and composition of the caffeine molecule in some detail, and provides an unambiguous reference to this compound, whereas the name "caffeine" simply names it.
Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
The notation "hydrated compound⋅n H 2 O", where n is the number of water molecules per formula unit of the salt, is commonly used to show that a salt is hydrated. The n is usually a low integer, though it is possible for fractional values to occur. For example, in a monohydrate n = 1, and in a hexahydrate n = 6.