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Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD), also known as subacute spongiform encephalopathy or neurocognitive disorder due to prion disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. [ 4 ] [ 1 ] Early symptoms include memory problems, behavioral changes, poor coordination, and visual disturbances. [ 4 ]
Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt (June 2, 1885 – December 30, 1964) was a German neurologist and neuropathologist. [1] Although he is typically credited as the physician to first describe the Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, this has been disputed. [1] [2] [3] He was born in Harburg an der Elbe and died in Munich.
The United Kingdom was afflicted with an outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, also known as "mad cow disease"), and its human equivalent variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD), in the 1980s and 1990s. Over four million head of cattle were slaughtered in an effort to contain the outbreak, and 178 people died after contracting ...
Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD), formerly known as New variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (nvCJD) and referred to colloquially as "mad cow disease" or "human mad cow disease" to distinguish it from its BSE counterpart, is a fatal type of brain disease within the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy family. [7]
He coined the term "Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease" to refer to a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease first described separately by the eponymous German neurologists. [ 4 ] Walther Spielmeyer and his laboratory team at Munich, 1927 (Spielmeyer at center front).
Electroencephalogram (EEG) is used to distinguish kuru from Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, a similar encephalopathy (any disease that affects the structure of the brain). [28] EEGs search for electrical activity in the person's brain and measure the frequency of each wave to determine if there is an issue with the brain's activity. [29]
Jonathan Simms (1 June 1984 – 5 March 2011) was a man from Belfast, Northern Ireland, who contracted variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD) in his late teenage years. He was given a post-diagnosis life expectancy of one year, similar to that of other young people who were diagnosed in the same age bracket.
1993: The disease peaks in the UK in 1993, with almost 800 cases per week. British farmers in contact with BSE-infected cows die of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. 1994: the European Union bans the use of proteins derived from bovine tissue in ruminant feed, and the export of beef from farms where a case of BSE has occurred.