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Vasoconstrictors are also used clinically to increase blood pressure or to reduce local blood flow. Vasoconstrictors mixed with local anesthetics are used to increase the duration of local anesthesia by constricting the blood vessels, thereby safely concentrating the anesthetic agent for an extended duration, as well as reducing hemorrhage. [4] [5]
A cerebral vasodilator is a drug which acts as a vasodilator in the brain. [1] [2] They are used to improve blood flow in people with cerebrovascular insufficiency and to treat neurological disorders secondary to this condition. [2] A number of different cerebral vasodilators exist.
Vascular resistance is the resistance that must be overcome for blood to flow through the circulatory system.The resistance offered by the systemic circulation is known as the systemic vascular resistance or may sometimes be called by another term total peripheral resistance, while the resistance caused by the pulmonary circulation is known as the pulmonary vascular resistance.
Some vasoactive chemicals such as vasodilator acetylcholine are known for causing reduced/increased blood flow in the tumours by vasomotor changes. Inadequate blood supply to the tumour cells can cause the cells to be radio-resistant and resulted in reduced accessibility to chemotherapeutic agents.
Most side effects are direct consequences of the vasodilation and the resultant low blood pressure. They include headache ("nitrate headache") resulting from the widening of blood vessels in the brain, reflex tachycardia (fast heart rate), flush, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. These effects usually subside after a few days if the treatment is ...
Diazoxide [1] vasodilator used for hypertension, smooth muscle relaxing activity; Minoxidil [2] vasodilator used for hypertension, also used to treat hair loss; Nicorandil [3] vasodilator used to treat angina; Pinacidil [4] Retigabine, [5] [6] an anticonvulsant; Flupirtine, analgesic with muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant properties
Vasodilation, also known as vasorelaxation, is the widening of blood vessels. [1] It results from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls, in particular in the large veins , large arteries , and smaller arterioles . [ 2 ]
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