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A map of the Punjab region ca. 1947 showing the different doabs. Since North India and Pakistan is coursed by a multiplicity of Himalayan rivers that divide the plains into doabs (i.e. regions between two rivers), the Indo-Gangetic plains consist of alternating regions of river, khadir and bangar.
Map showing the Punjabi Sikh Empire. At its height in the first half of the 19th century, the Sikh Empire spanned a total of over 200,000 sq mi (520,000 km 2). [92] [93] [94] The Punjab was a region straddling India and the Afghan Durrani Empire. The following modern-day political divisions made up the historical Punjab region during the Sikh ...
Sapta-sindhavaḥ is cognate with Avestan hapta həndu, and is interpreted as referring to Punjab. [ a ] The region's name comes from پنج, panj , 'five' and آب, āb , 'water' thus " five waters ", a Persian calque of the Indo-Aryan Pancha-nada meaning "five rivers".
A map of the Punjab region c. 1947 showing the doabas formed by the Ravi River with other rivers of the Indus River system. On the Ravi River, the earliest project built was the Madhopur Headworks , in 1902.
Economically it transformed the Punjab into the richest farming area of India, socially it sustained the power of large landowners and politically it encouraged cross-communal co-operation amongst land owning groups. [202] The Punjab also became the major centre of recruitment into the Indian Army. By patronising influential local allies and ...
A map of the Punjab region c. 1947 showing the different doabs. People of the Majha region are given the demonym "Mājhī" or "Majhail". Most inhabitants of the region speak the Majhi dialect, which is the basis of the standard register of the Punjabi language in Indian Punjab. [4]
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The region was originally called Sapta Sindhu Rivers, [3] the Vedic land of the seven rivers originally: Saraswati, Indus, Sutlej, Jehlum, Chenab, Ravi, and Beas. [4] The Sanskrit name for the region, as mentioned in the Ramayana and Mahabharata for example, was Pañcanada which means literally "Five Waters", and was translated from Sanskrit to Farsi as Panj-Âb after the Islamic conquests.