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Epithelial polarity is one example of the cell polarity that is a fundamental feature of many types of cells. Epithelial cells feature distinct 'apical', 'lateral' and 'basal' plasma membrane domains. Epithelial cells connect to one another via their lateral membranes to form epithelial sheets that line cavities and surfaces throughout the ...
Epithelial cells also exhibit planar cell polarity, in which specialized structures are orientated within the plane of the epithelial sheet. Some examples of planar cell polarity include the scales of fish being oriented in the same direction and similarly the feathers of birds, the fur of mammals, and the cuticular projections (sensory hairs ...
A polar organelle is a structure at a specialised region of the bacterial polar membrane that is associated with the flagellar apparatus. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This flagellum-associated structure can easily be distinguished from the other membrane regions in ultrathin sections of embedded bacteria by electron microscopy when the cell membrane is ...
English: Basic morphological differences between bacteria. The most often found forms and their associations. The most often found forms and their associations. Français : Formes bactériennes les plus courantes et leurs associations.
Bacterial microcompartments are widespread, organelle-like structures that are made of a protein shell that surrounds and encloses various enzymes. provide a further level of organization; they are compartments within bacteria that are surrounded by polyhedral protein shells, rather than by lipid membranes. These "polyhedral organelles ...
Cell junctions [1] or junctional complexes are a class of cellular structures consisting of multiprotein complexes that provide contact or adhesion between neighboring cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix in animals. [2] They also maintain the paracellular barrier of epithelia and control paracellular transport. Cell junctions ...
There bacteria metabolize the lactose and in doing so release gas and metabolic products that enhance colonic motility. This causes gas and other uncomfortable symptoms. Cholera toxin may increase the secretion or decrease the intake of water and electrolytes, leading to possibly severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance .
Prevent the free diffusion of water and solutes among adjacent epithelial cells. [2] [13] Preserve the epithelial polarity and cell adhesion. [2] Have a function in the morphogenesis like tracheal morphology that regulate the cell size and the cell length. [14] Regulate cell proliferation. [14]