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  2. Separation (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_(statistics)

    In statistics, separation is a phenomenon associated with models for dichotomous or categorical outcomes, including logistic and probit regression.Separation occurs if the predictor (or a linear combination of some subset of the predictors) is associated with only one outcome value when the predictor range is split at a certain value.

  3. Linear discriminant analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_discriminant_analysis

    As an example, in a two dimensional problem, the line that best divides the two groups is perpendicular to . Generally, the data points to be discriminated are projected onto w → {\displaystyle {\vec {w}}} ; then the threshold that best separates the data is chosen from analysis of the one-dimensional distribution.

  4. Bernoulli trial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernoulli_trial

    Graphs of probability P of not observing independent events each of probability p after n Bernoulli trials vs np for various p.Three examples are shown: Blue curve: Throwing a 6-sided die 6 times gives a 33.5% chance that 6 (or any other given number) never turns up; it can be observed that as n increases, the probability of a 1/n-chance event never appearing after n tries rapidly converges to ...

  5. Divergence (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divergence_(statistics)

    In information geometry, a divergence is a kind of statistical distance: a binary function which establishes the separation from one probability distribution to another on a statistical manifold. The simplest divergence is squared Euclidean distance (SED), and divergences can be viewed as generalizations of SED.

  6. Separation of variables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_variables

    Separation of variables may be possible in some coordinate systems but not others, [2] and which coordinate systems allow for separation depends on the symmetry properties of the equation. [3] Below is an outline of an argument demonstrating the applicability of the method to certain linear equations, although the precise method may differ in ...

  7. Separable partial differential equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separable_partial...

    Laplace's equation on is an example of a partial differential equation that admits solutions through -separation of variables; in the three-dimensional case this uses 6-sphere coordinates. (This should not be confused with the case of a separable ODE, which refers to a somewhat different class of problems that can be broken into a pair of ...

  8. Independent component analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_component_analysis

    MLE is thus based on the assumption that if the model pdf and the model parameters are correct then a high probability should be obtained for the data that were actually observed. Conversely, if A {\displaystyle \mathbf {A} } is far from the correct parameter values then a low probability of the observed data would be expected.

  9. Sampling distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_distribution

    In statistics, a sampling distribution or finite-sample distribution is the probability distribution of a given random-sample-based statistic.If an arbitrarily large number of samples, each involving multiple observations (data points), were separately used to compute one value of a statistic (such as, for example, the sample mean or sample variance) for each sample, then the sampling ...

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