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The rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), or ventromedial nucleus of the spinal cord, [1] [2] is a group of neurons located close to the midline on the floor of the medulla oblongata. The rostral ventromedial medulla sends descending inhibitory and excitatory fibers to the dorsal horn spinal cord neurons . [ 3 ]
Medulla oblongata. Medullary pyramids; Arcuate nucleus; Olivary body. Inferior olivary nucleus; Rostral ventrolateral medulla; Caudal ventrolateral medulla; Solitary nucleus (Nucleus of the solitary tract) Respiratory center-Respiratory groups. Dorsal respiratory group; Ventral respiratory group or Apneustic centre. Pre-Bötzinger complex ...
The axons travel up the length of the spinal cord into the brainstem, specifically the rostral ventromedial medulla. Traveling up the brainstem, the tract moves dorsally. The neurons ultimately synapse with third-order neurons in several nuclei of the thalamus—including the medial dorsal, ventral posterior lateral, and ventral posterior ...
The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), also known as the pressor area of the medulla, is a part of the ventrolateral medulla in the brainstem responsible for basal and reflex control of sympathetic activity associated with cardiovascular function. [1]
It is situated in the pons in the brainstem, [1]: 306 just rostral to the nucleus raphe obscurus. [ citation needed ] The NRM receives afferent stimuli from the enkephalinergic neurons of the periaqueductal gray ; the serotonergic neurons of the NRM then bilaterally project efferents to the enkephalinergic and dynorphin-containing interneurons ...
The ventral portion of the medulla oblongata contains the medullary pyramids. These two ridge-like structures travel along the length of the medulla oblongata and are bordered medially by the anterior median fissure. They each have an anterolateral sulcus along their lateral borders, where the hypoglossal nerve emerges from.
The ventrolateral medulla consists of a rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and a caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM). [2] Neurons in the RVLM project directly to preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord and maintain tonic activity in the sympathetic vasomotor nerves. This activity is inhibited by GABA output from the CVLM. [3] [4]
The Schwalbe's nucleus extends from the rostral end of the inferior olivary nucleus of the medulla oblongata to the caudal portion of the pons. [2] Medial vestibulospinal fibers join with the ipsilateral and contralateral medial longitudinal fasciculus, and descend in the anterior funiculus of the spinal cord.