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Agouti-signaling protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASIP gene. [5] [6] It is responsible for the distribution of melanin pigment in mammals.[7] [8] Agouti interacts with the melanocortin 1 receptor to determine whether the melanocyte (pigment cell) produces phaeomelanin (a red to yellow pigment), or eumelanin (a brown to black pigment). [9]
The agouti gene, the Agouti-signaling protein (ASIP) is responsible for variations in color in many species. Agouti works with extension to regulate the color of melanin which is produced in hairs. The agouti protein causes red to yellow pheomelanin to be produced, while the competing molecule α-MSH signals production of brown to black eumelanin.
AgRP is a paracrine signaling molecule made of 112 amino acids (the gene product of 132 amino acids is processed by removal of the N-terminal 20-residue signal peptide domain). It was independently identified by two teams in 1997 based on its sequence similarity with agouti signalling peptide (ASIP), a protein synthesized in the skin ...
The bay horse, left, has both eumelanin and phaeomelanin in her coat; the agouti signaling peptide suppresses black color to the "points" v the mane, tail, ear tips, and legs. The horse at right lacks the agouti signalling protein, and has a uniformly black or aphaeomelanistic coat.
The agouti gene codes for a molecule called the agouti-signaling protein, or ASIP. This molecule interacts with MC1R, the receptor coded by extension, to block the signal for black pigment production. [12] The signal for black pigment comes from a melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which is present throughout the horse. [2]
The large molecule of POMC is the source of several important biologically active substances . POMC can be cleaved enzymatically into the following peptides: N-Terminal Peptide of Proopiomelanocortin (NPP, or pro-γ-MSH) α-Melanotropin (α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone, or α-MSH) β-Melanotropin (β-MSH) γ-Melanotropin (γ-MSH)
A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse. ... Agouti-related peptide: AgRP: Melanocortin receptor –
Signaling Gateway Molecule Pages is a database containing "essential information on more than 8000 mammalian proteins (Mouse and Human) involved in cellular signaling." [2] [3] [4] The content of molecule pages is authored by invited experts and is peer-reviewed. The published pages are citable by digital object identifiers (DOIs).