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Unlike cocoa butter, adulterated fat tends to smear and have a higher non-saponifiable content. [13] Owing to the high cost of cocoa butter, [14] [15] substitutes have been designed to use as alternatives. In the United States, 100% cocoa butter must be used as the product's fat source for the product to be called chocolate.
Cocoa powder is the powdered form of the dry solids with a small remaining amount of cocoa butter. Untreated cocoa powder is bitter and acidic. Dutch process cocoa has been treated with an alkali to neutralize the acid. Cocoa powder contains flavanols, amounts of which are reduced if the cocoa is subjected to acid-reducing alkalization. [1]
Dutch processed cocoa has a neutral pH, and is not acidic like natural cocoa, so in recipes that use sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) as the leavening agent (which relies on the acidity of the cocoa to activate it), an acid must be added to the recipe, such as cream of tartar or the use of buttermilk instead of fresh milk.
Cocoa bean, the seed from the tree used to make chocolate; Cacao paste, ground cacao beans. The mass is melted and separated into: Cocoa butter, a pale, yellow, edible fat; and; Cocoa solids, the dark, bitter mass that contains most of cacao's notable phytochemicals, including caffeine and theobromine.
Cocoa butter only contains trace amounts of theobromine. There are usually higher concentrations in dark than in milk chocolate. [15] There are approximately 60 milligrams (1 grain) of theobromine in 28 grams (1 oz) of milk chocolate, [16] while the same amount of dark chocolate contains about 200 milligrams (3 grains). [17]
Theobroma cacao (cacao tree or cocoa tree) is a small (6–12 m (20–39 ft) tall) evergreen tree in the Malvaceae family. [1] [3] Its seeds - cocoa beans - are used to make chocolate liquor, cocoa solids, cocoa butter and chocolate. [4] Although the tree is native to the tropics of the Americas, the largest producer of cocoa beans in 2022 was ...
In chocolate making, the Broma process is a method of extracting cocoa butter from roasted cocoa beans, credited to the chocolatier Domingo Ghirardelli. [1] The Broma process involves hanging bags of chocolate liquor, made from roasted and ground cocoa beans, in a very warm room, above the melting point of cocoa butter (slightly above room temperature), and allowing the butter to drip off the ...
Like the nibs from which it is produced, it contains both cocoa solids and cocoa butter in roughly equal proportion. [3] Its main use (often with additional cocoa butter) is in making chocolate. The name liquor is used not in the sense of a distilled, alcoholic substance, but rather the older meaning of the word, meaning 'liquid' or 'fluid'.