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Fat removal procedures are used mostly in cosmetic surgery with the intention of removing unwanted adipose tissue. The procedure may be invasive, as with liposuction , [ 1 ] or noninvasive using laser therapy , radiofrequency , ultrasound or cold ( cryoablation or cryolipolysis) to reduce fat, sometimes in combination with injections.
Liposuction, also known as lipoplasty, is a type of surgery that removes fat from the human body in an attempt to change its shape. Abdominoplasty is one type of body contouring, [1] which is plastic surgery performed on different parts of the body with the aim of improving the shape and tone of the underlying tissue that supports fat.
[2] [3] In the United States, liposuction is the most common cosmetic surgery. [4] [5] The procedure may be performed under general, regional, or local anesthesia. It involves using a cannula and negative pressure to suck out fat. [4] As a cosmetic procedure it is believed to work best on people with a normal weight and good skin elasticity. [4]
Injection lipolysis is a controversial cosmetic procedure in which drug mixtures are injected into patients with the goal of destroying fat cells. This practice, using drugs generally based on phosphatidylcholine and deoxycholate (PCDC), evolved from the initial intravenous use of those drug formulations to treat blood disorders. [1] [2]
During this process, facial muscles might be tightened, while facial fat might be removed or redistributed. Sometimes, a jaw lift is performed in the same surgery by making an incision under the chin and tightening the skin of the jaw and neck. Immediately after the surgery, a drainage tube is used to remove excess fluid from the wound. [23] [24]
Fat transfer, also known as fat graft, lipomodelling, or fat injections, [1] [2] is a surgical process in which a person's own fat is transferred from one area of the body to another area. The major aim of this procedure is to improve or augment the area that has irregularities and grooves. [ 3 ]
Plastic surgery is increasing slowly, rising 115% from 2000 to 2015. "According to the annual plastic surgery procedural statistics, there were 15.9 million surgical and minimally-invasive cosmetic procedures performed in the United States in 2015, a 2 percent increase over 2014."
[1] [2] The technique induces tissue remodeling [3] and production of new collagen and elastin. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The process provides an alternative to facelift [ 6 ] and other cosmetic surgeries. By manipulating skin cooling during treatment, RF can also be used for heating and reduction of fat.