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Uracil-DNA glycosylase (also known as UNG or UDG) is an enzyme. Its most important function is to prevent mutagenesis by eliminating uracil from DNA molecules by cleaving the N-glycosidic bond and initiating the base-excision repair (BER) pathway.
SMUG1 is an important uracil-DNA glycosylases that process uracil in DNA. SMUG1 function is to remove U or its derivatives from DNA. SMUG1 is able to excise uracil from both single- and doubledstranded DNA. [7] Other DNA glycosylases linked to U removal are UNG, TDG and MBD4. [8] Uracil-DNA repair is essential to protect against mutations.
This entry represents various uracil-DNA glycosylases and related DNA glycosylases , such as uracil-DNA glycosylase, [9] thermophilic uracil-DNA glycosylase, [10] G:T/U mismatch-specific DNA glycosylase (Mug), [11] and single-strand selective monofunctional uracil-DNA glycosylase (SMUG1). [12] Uracil DNA glycosylases remove uracil from DNA ...
Some glycosylase-lyases can further perform δ-elimination, which converts the 3' aldehyde to a 3' phosphate. A wide variety of glycosylases have evolved to recognize different damaged bases. Examples of DNA glycosylases include Ogg1, which recognizes 8-oxoguanine, MPG, which recognizes 3-methyladenine, and UNG, which removes uracil from DNA.
The uracil may be excised by uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG), resulting in an abasic site. This abasic site (or AP, apurinic/apyrimidinic) may be copied by a translesion synthesis DNA polymerase such as DNA polymerase eta, resulting in random incorporation of any of the four nucleotides, i.e. A, G, C, or T.
Uracil residues are not normally found in DNA, therefore, to maintain the integrity of the genome, most of these mutations must be repaired by high-fidelity base excision repair enzymes. The uracil bases are removed by the repair enzyme, uracil-DNA glycosylase, [11] followed by cleavage of the DNA backbone by apurinic endonuclease. Error-prone ...
Double-stranded uracil-DNA glycosylase (EC 3.2.2.28, Mug, double-strand uracil-DNA glycosylase, Dug, dsUDG, double-stranded DNA specific UDG, dsDNA specific UDG, UdgB, G:T/U mismatch-specific DNA glycosylase, UDG) is an enzyme with systematic name uracil-double-stranded DNA deoxyribohydrolase (uracil-releasing).
Immunodeficiency with hyper IgM type 5 is caused by a mutation in the Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG) gene, which, like AICDA, is located on chromosome 12. This codes for Uracil DNA Glycosylase, which is responsible for excising previous uracil bases that are due to cytosine deamination, or previous uracil misincorporation from double-stranded ...