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In mathematics, the term linear function refers to two distinct but related notions: [1] In calculus and related areas, a linear function is a function whose graph is a straight line, that is, a polynomial function of degree zero or one. [2] For distinguishing such a linear function from the other concept, the term affine function is often used ...
Given a function: from a set X (the domain) to a set Y (the codomain), the graph of the function is the set [4] = {(, ()):}, which is a subset of the Cartesian product.In the definition of a function in terms of set theory, it is common to identify a function with its graph, although, formally, a function is formed by the triple consisting of its domain, its codomain and its graph.
In an undirected simple graph of order n, the maximum degree of each vertex is n − 1 and the maximum size of the graph is n(n − 1) / 2 . The edges of an undirected simple graph permitting loops G {\displaystyle G} induce a symmetric homogeneous relation ∼ {\displaystyle \sim } on the vertices of G {\displaystyle G} that is called ...
The exponential function is an E-function, in its case c n = 1 for all of the n. If λ is an algebraic number then the Bessel function J λ is an E-function. The sum or product of two E-functions is an E-function. In particular E-functions form a ring. If a is an algebraic number and f(x) is an E-function then f(ax) will be an E-function.
In mathematics (including combinatorics, linear algebra, and dynamical systems), a linear recurrence with constant coefficients [1]: ch. 17 [2]: ch. 10 (also known as a linear recurrence relation or linear difference equation) sets equal to 0 a polynomial that is linear in the various iterates of a variable—that is, in the values of the elements of a sequence.
As well as K 3 and K 1,3, there are some other exceptional small graphs with the property that their line graph has a higher degree of symmetry than the graph itself. For instance, the diamond graph K 1,1,2 (two triangles sharing an edge) has four graph automorphisms but its line graph K 1,2,2 has eight. In the illustration of the diamond graph ...
where v 1, v 2, ..., v k are in S, and a 1, a 2, ..., a k are in F form a linear subspace called the span of S. The span of S is also the intersection of all linear subspaces containing S. In other words, it is the smallest (for the inclusion relation) linear subspace containing S. A set of vectors is linearly independent if none is in the span ...
In calculus and related areas of mathematics, a linear function from the real numbers to the real numbers is a function whose graph (in Cartesian coordinates) is a non-vertical line in the plane. [1] The characteristic property of linear functions is that when the input variable is changed, the change in the output is proportional to the change ...