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Iran, [a] [b] officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) [c] and also known as Persia, [d] is a country in West Asia.It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
Since the Safavid era, Mamâlek-e Mahruse-ye Irân (Guarded Domains of Iran) was the common and official name of Iran. [21] [22] The idea of the Guarded Domains illustrated a feeling of territorial and political uniformity in a society where the Persian language, culture, monarchy, and Shia Islam became integral elements of the developing national identity. [23]
The Imperial State of Iran, officially known in English as the Imperial State of Persia until 1935, [3] and commonly referred to as Pahlavi Iran, [d] was the Iranian state under the rule of the Pahlavi dynasty.
Common English country name: Iran, archaic Persia; Official English country name: The Islamic Republic of Iran; Common endonym(s): Official endonym(s): Adjectival(s): Iranian; Demonym(s): Etymology: Name of Iran; International rankings of Iran. 18th largest country; 17th most populous country; ISO country codes: IR, IRN, 364; ISO region codes ...
Tehran (/ t ɛ ˈ r æ n,-ˈ r ɑː n, ˌ t eɪ-/; Persian: تهران [tehˈɾɒːn] ⓘ, Tehrân) is the capital [6] and largest city of Iran.In addition to serving as the capital of Tehran province, the city is the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District. [7]
The Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, officially called the Supreme Leadership Authority in Iran, is a post established by Article 5 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran in accordance with the concept of the Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist. [20] This post is a life tenure post. [21]
The first Shia theocracy in the 20th century was established in Iran following the Iranian Revolution that led to the fall of the Shah of Iran.The constitutional name of Iran was established as the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ايران transliteration: Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān).
The name "Iran", meaning "land of the Aryans", is the New Persian continuation of the old genitive plural aryānām (proto-Iranian, meaning "of the Aryans"), first attested in the Avesta as airyānąm (the text of which is composed in Avestan, an old Iranian language spoken in northeastern Greater Iran, or in what are now Afghanistan ...