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Map of major cattle trails between 1866-1890. The first large-scale effort to drive cattle from Texas to the nearest railhead for shipment to Chicago occurred in 1866, when many Texas ranchers banded together to drive their cattle to the closest point that railroad tracks reached, which at that time was Sedalia, Missouri.
Map of major cattle trails, with the Great Western Trail in the center. The Great Western Cattle Trail is the name used today for a cattle trail established during the late 19th century for moving beef stock and horses to markets in eastern and northern states.
The Cattle Towns. A Social History of the Kansas Cattle Trading Centres (Knopf, 1968)online. Fite, Gilbert C. The Farmers' Frontier, 1865-1900 (1966) online; Gates, Paul. The Illinois Central Railroad and Its Colonization Work (1934) online; Gates, Paul Wallace. “The Promotion of Agriculture by the Illinois Central Railroad, 1855-1870.”
Union stockyards in the United States were centralized urban livestock yards where multiple rail lines delivered animals from ranches and farms for slaughter and meat packing. A stockyard company managed the work of unloading the livestock, which was faster and more efficient than using railway staff. [ 1 ]
Cowboys were hired to gather, drive, and hold cattle at major buying stations. Cowboys reported route trail fatalities of about 3%. As the railroads expanded, processors multiplied and refrigeration technology developed, the refrigerated rail car was patented in 1867. The need to drive cattle ended and the cattle drive trail disappeared by 1889.
The railroads generally preferred to use standard boxcars because that type of car proved much more versatile in the number of different types of loads it could carry. [8] When the railroads and cattle industry failed to act quickly enough to correct these perceived deficiencies, the government and even the general public went into action.
Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 1947. The Union Stock Yard & Transit Co., or The Yards, was the meatpacking district in Chicago for more than a century, starting in 1865. The district was operated by a group of railroad companies that acquired marshland and turned it into a centralized processing area.
Iliff had become established as a leading commercial cattle rancher in his holdings along the Platte River, and sold beef to mining camps, railroad workers, and government agents working on Indian reservations. Over the next decade, cattle ranches stocked with Texas Longhorn brought up along the trail were established across Wyoming. Several ...