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This reflection operation turns the gradient of any line into its reciprocal. [ 1 ] Assuming that f {\displaystyle f} has an inverse in a neighbourhood of x {\displaystyle x} and that its derivative at that point is non-zero, its inverse is guaranteed to be differentiable at x {\displaystyle x} and have a derivative given by the above formula.
The two iterated integrals are therefore equal. On the other hand, since f xy (x,y) is continuous, the second iterated integral can be performed by first integrating over x and then afterwards over y. But then the iterated integral of f yx − f xy on [a,b] × [c,d] must vanish.
Let X be an affine space over a field k, and V be its associated vector space. An affine transformation is a bijection f from X onto itself that is an affine map; this means that a linear map g from V to V is well defined by the equation () = (); here, as usual, the subtraction of two points denotes the free vector from the second point to the first one, and "well-defined" means that ...
An example of a stationary point of inflection is the point (0, 0) on the graph of y = x 3. The tangent is the x-axis, which cuts the graph at this point. An example of a non-stationary point of inflection is the point (0, 0) on the graph of y = x 3 + ax, for any nonzero a. The tangent at the origin is the line y = ax, which cuts the graph at ...
In mathematics, a symmetry operation is a geometric transformation of an object that leaves the object looking the same after it has been carried out. For example, a 1 ⁄ 3 turn rotation of a regular triangle about its center, a reflection of a square across its diagonal, a translation of the Euclidean plane, or a point reflection of a sphere through its center are all symmetry operations.
In mathematics, a reflection formula or reflection relation for a function f is a relationship between f(a − x) and f(x). It is a special case of a functional equation . It is common in mathematical literature to use the term "functional equation" for what are specifically reflection formulae.
[2] [3] Rippling caustics are commonly formed when light shines through waves on a body of water. Another familiar caustic is the rainbow . [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Scattering of light by raindrops causes different wavelengths of light to be refracted into arcs of differing radius, producing the bow.
In Euclidean geometry, the inversion of a point X with respect to a point P is a point X* such that P is the midpoint of the line segment with endpoints X and X*. In other words, the vector from X to P is the same as the vector from P to X*. The formula for the inversion in P is x* = 2p − x. where p, x and x* are the position vectors of P, X ...