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The standard gravitational parameter μ of a celestial body is the product of the gravitational constant G and the mass M of that body. For two bodies, the parameter may be expressed as G ( m 1 + m 2 ) , or as GM when one body is much larger than the other: μ = G ( M + m ) ≈ G M . {\displaystyle \mu =G(M+m)\approx GM.}
μ = G(M + m), a gravitational parameter, [note 2] where G is Newton's gravitational constant, M is the mass of the primary body (i.e., the Sun), m is the mass of the secondary body (i.e., a planet), and; p is the semi-parameter (the semi-latus rectum) of the body's orbit. Note that every variable in the above equations is a constant for two ...
The value of G times the mass of an object, called the standard gravitational parameter, is known for the Sun and several planets to a much higher accuracy than G alone. [13] As a result, the solar mass is used as the standard mass in the astronomical system of units .
The Sun's orbital characteristics are listed in relation to the Galactic Center, ... Gravitational parameter: m 3/ s 2: 6.263 × 10 10: 8.710 × 10 11: 2.674 × 10 11 ...
The Sun is moved by the gravitational pull of the planets. The center of the Sun moves around the Solar System barycenter, within a range from 0.1 to 2.2 solar radii. The Sun's motion around the barycenter approximately repeats every 179 years, rotated by about 30° due primarily to the synodic period of Jupiter and Saturn. [152]
The standard gravitational parameter GM appears as above in Newton's law of universal gravitation, as well as in formulas for the deflection of light caused by gravitational lensing, in Kepler's laws of planetary motion, and in the formula for escape velocity. This quantity gives a convenient simplification of various gravity-related formulas.
Trump’s primary work long ago became less about building anything than about branding himself and tending to his celebrity through a variety of entertainment ventures, from WWE to his reality-TV show, The Apprentice.
The Sun's gravitational field is estimated to dominate the gravitational forces of surrounding stars out to about two light-years (125,000 AU). Lower estimates for the radius of the Oort cloud, by contrast, do not place it farther than 50,000 AU. [255] Most of the mass is orbiting in the region between 3,000 and 100,000 AU. [256]