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The technique for thermal ablation in the lung by using radiofrequency ablation was first described in 1995 for use in animal lung tumor models and then in 2000 in humans. [1-2] Microwave ablation has emerged as a newer ablation modality and an addition to the arsenal of minimally invasive cancer care.
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), also called fulguration, [1] is a medical procedure in which part of the electrical conduction system of the heart, tumor, sensory nerves or a dysfunctional tissue is ablated using the heat generated from medium frequency alternating current (in the range of 350–500 kHz).
While nephron-sparing surgery is the gold standard treatment for small, malignant renal masses, ablative therapies are considered a viable option in patients who are poor surgical candidates. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryoablation have been used since the 1990s; however, in lesions larger than 3 cm, their efficacy is limited.
Cryoablation for breast cancer is typically only possible for small tumors. [3] Often surgery is used following cryoablation. [ 3 ] As of 2014 more research is required before it can replace lumpectomy .
Studies on localized prostate cancer showed that, after treatment, progression-free survival rates were high for low- and intermediate- risk patients with recurrent prostate cancer. [3] The InsighTec ExAblate 2000 was the first MRgFUS system to obtain FDA market approval, [ 4 ] US patent 5,247,935.
Various local ablation therapies exist to induce necrosis of tumor cells and release tumor antigens to stimulate an immunological response. These ablation therapies can be combined with a systemic immunotherapy: Thermal ablation – local thermal ablation of tumor: Cryoablation; Radiofrequency ablation; High-intensity focused ultrasound ablation
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a kidney cancer that originates in the lining of the proximal convoluted tubule, a part of the very small tubes in the kidney that transport primary urine. RCC is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults, responsible for approximately 90–95% of cases. [1]
Lasers are used to treat cancer in several different ways. Their high-intensity light can be used to shrink or destroy tumors or precancerous growths. Lasers are most commonly used to treat superficial cancers (cancers on the surface of the body or the lining of internal organs) such as basal-cell skin cancer and the very early stages of some cancers, such as cervical, penile, vaginal, vulvar ...
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