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Two sets of muscles move the mandibles in the coronal plane of the mouth: abductor muscles move insects' mandibles apart ; adductor muscles bring them together . They do this mainly in opening and closing their jaws in feeding, but also in using the mandibles as tools, or possibly in fighting.
A lobster is heavily cephalized, with eyes, antennae, multiple mouthparts, and the brain (inside the armoured exoskeleton), all concentrated at the animal's head end. Cephalization is an evolutionary trend in animals that, over a sufficient number of generations, concentrates the special sense organs and nerve ganglia towards the front of the ...
A proboscis (/ p r oʊ ˈ b ɒ s ɪ s,-k ɪ s /) is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal, either a vertebrate or an invertebrate. In invertebrates, the term usually refers to tubular mouthparts used for feeding and sucking. In vertebrates, a proboscis is an elongated nose or snout.
The salivary glands (element 30 in numbered diagram) in an insect's mouth produce saliva. The salivary ducts lead from the glands to the reservoirs and then forward through the head to an opening called the salivarium, located behind the hypopharynx. By moving its mouthparts (element 32 in numbered diagram) the insect can mix its food with saliva.
The head typically consists of two antennae, two compound eyes, two palpi, and a proboscis. [11] Lepidoptera have ocelli which may or may not be visible. They also have sensory structures called chaetosemata, the functions of which are largely unknown. The head is filled largely by the brain, the sucking pump, and its associated muscle bundles ...
Head of a tadpole shrimp, with the mandibles labeled 3. Crustaceans have a pair of mandibles that typically consist of an enlarged basal segment (coxa) and a palp (sensory feeler) consisting of all other segments. In some groups, such as the Branchiopoda, the palp is reduced or absent. Crustacean mandibles may be equipped with special teeth ...
A typical insect head possesses a pair of antennae; eyes; mandibles, labrum, maxillae and labium (the latter four forming the cluster of "mouth parts", no. 32. in the diagram). Lying above the oesophagus is the brain or supraesophageal ganglion , divided into three pairs of ganglia: the protocerebrum, deutocerebrum and tritocerebrum from front ...
Rather than being tooth-like, the mandibles of such insects are lengthened into stylets, which form the outer two parts of the feeding tube, or beak. The mandibles are therefore instrumental in piercing the plant or animal tissues upon which these insects feed, and in helping draw up fluids to the insect's mouth.