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Cuneiform [note 1] is a logo-syllabic writing system that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Near East. [4] The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. [5] Cuneiform scripts are marked by and named for the characteristic wedge-shaped impressions (Latin: cuneus) which form their ...
The Behistun inscription, the longest and perhaps the most famous of the Achaemenid royal inscriptions. The Achaemenid royal inscriptions are the surviving inscriptions in cuneiform script from the Achaemenid Empire, dating from the 6th to 4th century BCE (reigns of Cyrus II to Artaxerxes III). These inscriptions are primary sources for the ...
The Behistun Inscription (also Bisotun, Bisitun or Bisutun; Persian: بیستون, Old Persian: Bagastana, meaning "the place of god") is a multilingual Achaemenid royal inscription and large rock relief on a cliff at Mount Behistun in the Kermanshah Province of Iran, near the city of Kermanshah in western Iran, established by Darius the Great ...
Actual decipherment did not take place until the beginning of the 19th century, initiated by Georg Friedrich Grotefendin his study of Old Persian cuneiform. He was followed by Antoine-Jean Saint-Martinin 1822 and Rasmus Christian Raskin 1823, who was the first to decipher the name Achaemenides and the consonants m and n.
Assyriology (from Greek Ἀσσυρίᾱ, Assyriā; and -λογία, -logia), also known as Cuneiform studies or Ancient Near East studies, [1][2] is the archaeological, anthropological, historical, and linguistic study of the cultures that used cuneiform writing. The field covers Pre Dynastic Mesopotamia, Sumer, the early Sumero-Akkadian city ...
Proto-cuneiform. The proto-cuneiform script was a system of proto-writing that emerged in Mesopotamia, eventually developing into the early cuneiform script used in the region's Early Dynastic I period. It arose from the token-based system that had already been in use across the region in preceding millennia.
The Xerxes I inscription at Van, also known as the XV Achaemenid royal inscription, [ 1 ] is a trilingual cuneiform inscription of the Achaemenid King Xerxes I (r. 486–465 BC). [ 2 ][ 3 ] It is located on the southern slope of a mountain adjacent to the Van Fortress, near Lake Van in present-day Turkey. [ 3 ]
The Kish tablet is a limestone tablet found at the site of the ancient Sumerian city of Kish in modern Tell al-Uhaymir, Babylon Governorate, Iraq. A plaster cast of the tablet is in the collection of the Ashmolean Museum, while the original is housed at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad. [1] It should not be confused with the Scheil dynastic tablet ...