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  2. Geologic time scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic_time_scale

    The geologic time scale, proportionally represented as a log-spiral with some major events in Earth's history. A megaannus (Ma) represents one million (10 6) years. The geologic time scale or geological time scale (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses ...

  3. Quaternary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary

    The Quaternary (/ kwəˈtɜːrnəri, ˈkwɒtərnɛri / kwə-TUR-nə-ree, KWOT-ər-nerr-ee) is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). [ 4 ] It follows the Neogene Period and spans from 2.58 million years ago to the present. [ 5 ]

  4. Cenozoic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenozoic

    Time scale(s) used: ICS Time Scale: Definition; Chronological unit: Era: ... The Quaternary Period was officially recognised by the International Commission on ...

  5. Geological event - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_event

    Geological event. A geological event is a temporary and spatially heterogeneous and dynamic (diachronous) happening in Earth history that contributes to the transformation of Earth system and the formation of geological strata. Event stratigraphy was first proposed as a system for the recognition, study and correlation of the effects of ...

  6. Neogene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neogene

    The Neogene (/ ˈniː.ədʒiːn / NEE-ə-jeen, [ 6 ][ 7 ]) is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period 23.03 million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period 2.58 million years ago. The Neogene is sub-divided into two epochs, the earlier Miocene and the later Pliocene.

  7. Late Pleistocene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late_Pleistocene

    Blue: Extent in earlier ice ages. The Late Pleistocene is an unofficial age in the international geologic timescale in chronostratigraphy, also known as the Upper Pleistocene from a stratigraphic perspective. It is intended to be the fourth division of the Pleistocene Epoch within the ongoing Quaternary Period.

  8. Pliocene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliocene

    The Pliocene (/ ˈplaɪ.əsiːn, ˈplaɪ.oʊ -/ PLY-ə-seen, PLY-oh-; [ 6 ][ 7 ] also Pleiocene) [ 8 ] is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.33 to 2.58 [ 9 ] million years ago (Ma). It is the second and most recent epoch of the Neogene Period in the Cenozoic Era. The Pliocene follows the Miocene Epoch and is followed by ...

  9. Timeline of glaciation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_glaciation

    Timeline of glaciation. There have been five or six major ice ages in the history of Earth over the past 3 billion years. The Late Cenozoic Ice Age began 34 million years ago, its latest phase being the Quaternary glaciation, in progress since 2.58 million years ago. Within ice ages, there exist periods of more severe glacial conditions and ...