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  2. Database abstraction layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_abstraction_layer

    A database abstraction layer (DBAL[1] or DAL) is an application programming interface which unifies the communication between a computer application and databases such as SQL Server, IBM Db2, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle or SQLite. Traditionally, all database vendors provide their own interface that is tailored to their products.

  3. Abstraction (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstraction_(computer_science)

    Computer science commonly presents levels(or, less commonly, layers) of abstraction, wherein each level represents a different model of the same information and processes, but with varying amounts of detail. Each level uses a system of expression involving a unique set of objects and compositions that apply only to a particular domain.

  4. Operating system abstraction layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_System...

    Operating system abstraction layer. An operating system abstraction layer (OSAL) provides an application programming interface (API) to an abstract operating system making it easier and quicker to develop code for multiple software or hardware platforms. It can make an application less dependent on any one specific operating system.

  5. Abstraction layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstraction_layer

    In computing, an abstraction layer or abstraction level is a way of hiding the working details of a subsystem. Examples of software models that use layers of abstraction include the OSI model for network protocols, OpenGL, and other graphics libraries, which allow the separation of concerns to facilitate interoperability and platform independence.

  6. Kernel (operating system) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)

    Kernel (operating system) The kernel is a computer program at the core of a computer 's operating system and generally has complete control over everything in the system. The kernel is also responsible for preventing and mitigating conflicts between different processes. [1] It is the portion of the operating system code that is always resident ...

  7. Hardware abstraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_abstraction

    In operating systems. A hardware abstraction layer (HAL) is an abstraction layer, implemented in software, between the physical hardware of a computer and the software that runs on that computer. Its function is to hide differences in hardware from most of the operating system kernel, so that most of the kernel-mode code does not need to be ...

  8. Database-centric architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database-centric_architecture

    Database-centric Architecture or data-centric architecture has several distinct meanings, generally relating to software architectures in which databases play a crucial role. Often this description is meant to contrast the design to an alternative approach. For example, the characterization of an architecture as "database-centric" may mean any ...

  9. Object–relational mapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object–relational_mapping

    Object–relational mapping. Not to be confused with Object–role modeling. Object–relational mapping (ORM, O/RM, and O/R mapping tool) in computer science is a programming technique for converting data between a relational database and the memory (usually the heap) of an object-oriented programming language. This creates, in effect, a ...