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Cefalexin. Cefalexin, also spelled cephalexin, is an antibiotic that can treat a number of bacterial infections. [4] It kills gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria by disrupting the growth of the bacterial cell wall. [4] Cefalexin is a β-lactam antibiotic within the class of first-generation cephalosporins. [4]
Cefadroxil is a first-generation cephalosporin antibacterial drug that is the para-hydroxy derivative of cephalexin, and is used similarly in the treatment of mild to moderate susceptible infections such as the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, causing the disease popularly called strep throat or streptococcal tonsillitis, urinary tract infection, reproductive tract infection, and skin infections.
Levetiracetam. Levetiracetam, sold under the brand name Keppra among others, is a medication used to treat epilepsy. [ 7 ] It is used for partial-onset, myoclonic, or tonic–clonic seizures and is taken either by mouth as an immediate or extended release formulation or by injection into a vein. [ 7 ]
Ceftriaxone, sold under the brand name Rocephin, is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [4] These include middle ear infections, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and pelvic inflammatory disease. [4]
Cefixime is a broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and is commonly used to treat bacterial infections of the ear, urinary tract, and upper respiratory tract. The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms: [ 15 ] Escherichia coli: 0.015 μg/mL – 4 μg/mL.
Naproxen's medical uses are related to its mechanism of action as an anti-inflammatory compound. [11] Naproxen is used to treat a variety of inflammatory conditions and symptoms that are due to excessive inflammation, such as pain and fever (naproxen has fever-reducing, or antipyretic, properties in addition to its anti-inflammatory activity). [11]
Cefotaxime is the only cephalosporin which has very low toxicity in plants, even at higher concentration (up to 500 mg/L). It is widely used to treat plant tissue infections with Gram-negative bacteria, [ 20 ] while vancomycin is used to treat the plant tissue infections with Gram-positive bacteria.
Contents. Discovery and development of cephalosporins. Cephalosporins are a broad class of bactericidal antibiotics that include the β-lactam ring and share a structural similarity and mechanism of action with other β-lactam antibiotics (e.g. penicillins, carbapenems and monobactams). [ 1 ] The cephalosporins (and other β-lactams) have the ...