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Narcotics Anonymous (NA), founded in 1953, describes itself as a "nonprofit fellowship or society of men and women for whom drugs had become a major problem." [ 1 ] Narcotics Anonymous uses a 12-step model developed for people with varied substance use disorders [ 2 ] and is the second-largest 12-step organization, [ 3 ] after 12-step pioneer ...
3.0-3.1 V. Sodium-ion batteries (NIBs, SIBs, or Na-ion batteries) are several types of rechargeable batteries, which use sodium ions (Na +) as their charge carriers. In some cases, its working principle and cell construction are similar to those of lithium-ion battery (LIB) types, but it replaces lithium with sodium as the intercalating ion.
The sodium–potassium pump (sodium–potassium adenosine triphosphatase, also known as Na + /K +-ATPase, Na + /K + pump, or sodium–potassium ATPase) is an enzyme (an electrogenic transmembrane ATPase) found in the membrane of all animal cells. It performs several functions in cell physiology. The Na + /K +-ATPase enzyme is active (i.e. it ...
Since the mid-1960s much development work has been undertaken on rechargeable batteries using sodium (Na) for the negative electrodes. Sodium is attractive because of its high reduction potential of −2.71 volts, low weight, relative abundance, and low cost. In order to construct practical batteries, the sodium must be in liquid form.
The voltage-dependence of steady-state fast inactivation is unchanged in Na v 1.1–Na v 1.4, but steady-state fast inactivation in Na v 1.5 is depolarized. Hence, among the sodium channels that have been studied so far, Na v 1.4 is the least and Na v 1.5 is the most proton-sensitive subtypes. [59]
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A sodium-vapor lamp is a gas-discharge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm. Two varieties of such lamps exist: low pressure and high pressure. Low-pressure sodium lamps are highly efficient electrical light sources, but their yellow light restricts applications to outdoor ...
Naloxone is useful in treating both acute opioid overdose and respiratory or mental depression due to opioids. [13] Whether it is useful in those in cardiac arrest due to an opioid overdose is unclear. [21] It is included as a part of emergency overdose response kits distributed to heroin and other opioid drug users, and to emergency responders.