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Logical reasoning is a mental activity that aims to arrive at a conclusion in a rigorous way. It happens in the form of inferences or arguments by starting from a set of premises and reasoning to a conclusion supported by these premises. The premises and the conclusion are propositions, i.e. true or false claims about what is the case.
Abductive reasoning. A Mastermind player uses abduction to infer the secret colors (top) from summaries (bottom left) of discrepancies in their guesses (bottom right). Abductive reasoning (also called abduction, [1] abductive inference, [1] or retroduction[2]) is a form of logical inference that seeks the simplest and most likely conclusion ...
Awards. Madan Puraskar. ISBN. 9993340995. OCLC. 470313792. Shirishko Phool (Nepali: शिरीषको फूल; translated into English as Blue Mimosa), published in 1964, is a Nepali language novel by Parijat. It was the author's first and most successful novel. It was awarded the Madan Puraskar in 1965.
Logic and rationality have each been taken as fundamental concepts in philosophy. They are not the same thing. Philosophical rationalism in its most extreme form is the doctrine that knowledge can ultimately be founded on pure reason, while logicism is the doctrine that mathematical concepts, among others, are reducible to pure logic.
In philosophy of logic and logic, specifically in deductive reasoning, a rule of inference, inference rule or transformation rule is a logical form consisting of a function which takes premises, analyzes their syntax, and returns a conclusion (or conclusions). For example, the rule of inference called modus ponens takes two premises, one in the ...
The psychology of reasoning (also known as the cognitive science of reasoning[1]) is the study of how people reason, often broadly defined as the process of drawing conclusions to inform how people solve problems and make decisions. [2] It overlaps with psychology, philosophy, linguistics, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, logic, and ...
Deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning is the process of drawing valid inferences. An inference is valid if its conclusion follows logically from its premises, meaning that it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false. For example, the inference from the premises "all men are mortal" and " Socrates is a man" to ...
This area has to do with logic, abstractions, reasoning, calculations, strategic and critical thinking. [16] This intelligence includes the capacity to understand underlying principles of some kind of causal system. [21] Logical reasoning is closely linked to fluid intelligence as well as to general intelligence (g factor). [22] This capacity ...