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There is one CVA on each side of the spine. [2] The lateral part of the CVA is formed by the lower border of the 12th rib, and the medial part of the CVA is formed by the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae. [1] The CVA is distinct from the costovertebral joints. [2] The lower poles of the kidneys are within the CVAs. [1]
Watershed stroke symptoms are due to the reduced blood flow to all parts of the body, specifically the brain, thus leading to brain damage. Initial symptoms, as promoted by the American Stroke Association, are FAST, representing F = Facial weakness (droop), A = Arm weakness (drift), S = Speech difficulty (slur), and T = Time to act (priority of intervention).
Brain ischemia has been linked to a variety of diseases or abnormalities. Individuals with sickle cell anemia, compressed blood vessels, ventricular tachycardia, plaque buildup in the arteries, blood clots, extremely low blood pressure as a result of heart attack, and congenital heart defects have a higher predisposition to brain ischemia in comparison to the average population.
CT scan of the brain showing a massive, prior right-sided ischemic stroke from blockage of an artery. Changes on a CT may not be visible early on. [1] Specialty: Neurology, stroke medicine: Symptoms: Inability to move or feel on one side of the body, problems understanding or speaking, dizziness, loss of vision to one side [2] [3] Complications
Loss of consciousness (-1), convulsive fit (-1), facial weakness (+1), arm weakness (+1), leg weakness (+1), abnormal speech patterns (+1), and visual defect (+1). [9] In recent years, a study has been done to show how AI can aid in diagnosis of cerebral infarct and improve patient outcomes in areas that may not have stroke trained physicians. [10]
Vascular dementia is dementia caused by a series of strokes. [2] [4] Restricted blood flow due to strokes reduces oxygen and glucose delivery to the brain, causing cell injury and neurological deficits in the affected region. [6]
Cerebrovascular disease; Cerebral angiogram of a carotid-cavernous fistula: Specialty: Neurology: Symptoms: Weakness on one side of body [1] Types: Stroke, vascular dementia, TIA, subarachnoid haemorrhage [2] Diagnostic method: Neurological exam, physical exam [3] Treatment: Blood thinners, anti-hypertensives [4]
Hemiparesis, also called unilateral paresis, is the weakness of one entire side of the body (hemi-means "half"). Hemiplegia, in its most severe form, is the complete paralysis of one entire side of the body.