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2. Elementary arithmetic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_arithmetic

   Elementary arithmetic is a branch of mathematics involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Due to its low level of abstraction, broad range of application, and position as the foundation of all mathematics, elementary arithmetic is generally the first branch of mathematics taught in schools. [1] [2]

3. Carry (arithmetic) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carry_(arithmetic)

   A typical example of carry is in the following pencil-and-paper addition: 1 27 + 59 ---- 86 7 + 9 = 16, and the digit 1 is the carry. The opposite is a borrow, as in −1 47 − 19 ---- 28 Here, 7 − 9 = −2, so try (10 − 9) + 7 = 8, and the 10 is got by taking ("borrowing") 1 from the next digit to the left. There are two ways in which ...

4. Arithmetic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic

   Counting is a type of repeated addition in which the number 1 is continuously added. [46] Subtraction is the inverse of addition. In it, one number, known as the subtrahend, is taken away from another, known as the minuend. The result of this operation is called the difference. The symbol of subtraction is . [47]

5. Subtraction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtraction

   The American method corrects by attempting to decrease the minuend digit m i+1 by one (or continuing the borrow leftwards until there is a non-zero digit from which to borrow). The European method corrects by increasing the subtrahend digit s i+1 by one. Example: 704 − 512.

6. Casting out nines - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casting_out_nines

   Since we are adding 1 to the tens digit and subtracting one from the units digit, the sum of the digits should remain the same. For example, 9 + 2 = 11 with 1 + 1 = 2. When adding 9 to itself, we would thus expect the sum of the digits to be 9 as follows: 9 + 9 = 18, (1 + 8 = 9) and 9 + 9 + 9 = 27, (2 + 7 = 9).

7. Additive inverse - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Additive_inverse

   In elementary mathematics, the additive inverse is often referred to as the opposite number, [3] [4] or its negative. [5] The unary operation of arithmetic negation [6] is closely related to subtraction [7] and is important in solving algebraic equations. [8] Not all sets where addition is defined have an additive inverse, such as the natural ...