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Property rights are constructs in economics for determining how a resource or economic good is used and owned, [1] which have developed over ancient and modern history, from Abrahamic law to Article 17 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
The right to property is one of the most controversial human rights, both in terms of its existence and interpretation. The controversy about the definition of the right meant that it was not included in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights or the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. [3]
The New Human Rights Movement: Reinventing the Economy to End Oppression by Peter Joseph; Peoples' Capitalism: The Economics of the Robot Revolution by James Albus; Post-Scarcity Anarchism by Murray Bookchin; Trekonomics: The Economics of Star Trek by Manu Saadia; The Zeitgeist Movement Defined: Realizing a New Train of Thought by Peter Joseph ...
Instead, freedom is a derivative of something more fundamental, namely the "legitimate rights" of an individual, which are identified as property rights. In other words, given that "anarcho"-capitalists and right libertarians in general consider the right to property as "absolute," it follows that freedom and property become one and the same.
The stock market "is a market for fictitious capital. It is a market for the circulation of property rights as such". [8] Since the value of these claims does not function as capital, is merely a claim on future surplus, "the capital-value of such paper is...wholly illusory... The paper serves as title of ownership which represents this capital.
Furthermore, Locke held that individuals have a right to homestead private property from nature only so long as "there is enough, and as good, left in common for others". [4] The Lockean proviso maintains that appropriation of unowned resources is a diminution of the rights of others to it, and would only be acceptable if it does not make ...
Economic freedom, or economic liberty, refers to the agency of people to make economic decisions. This is a term used in economic and policy debates as well as in the philosophy of economics . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] One approach to economic freedom comes from the liberal tradition emphasizing free markets , free trade , and private property .
The labor theory of property does not only apply to land itself, but to any application of labor to nature. For example, natural rights thinker Lysander Spooner, [4] says that an apple taken from an unowned tree would become the property of the person who plucked it, as he has labored to acquire it. He says the "only way, in which ["the wealth ...