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An example of a human characteristics that is extremely heritable is eye color, with a concordance of 98% for MZ pairs and 7–49% for DZ pairs depending on age. [ 27 ] Identical twin studies put autism's heritability in a range between 36% and 95.7%, with concordance for a broader phenotype usually found at the higher end of the range. [ 28 ]
The following is a list of genetic disorders and if known, type of mutation and for the chromosome involved. Although the parlance "disease-causing gene" is common, it is the occurrence of an abnormality in the parents that causes the impairment to develop within the child. There are over 6,000 known genetic disorders in humans.
Disability – may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory, emotional, developmental or some combination of these. Developmental disability – a term used in the United States and Canada to describe lifelong disabilities attributable to mental or physical impairments, manifested prior to age 18. Disorder –
Most autistic children displayed moderately less attachment security than neurotypical children, although this difference disappears in children with higher mental development or less pronounced autistic traits. [24] Children with high-functioning autism have more intense and frequent loneliness compared to non-autistic peers, despite the ...
Down syndrome or Down's syndrome, [12] also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. [3] It is usually associated with developmental delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and characteristic physical features.
Despite this, some parents believe that vaccinations cause autism; they therefore delay or avoid immunizing their children (for example, under the "vaccine overload" hypothesis that giving many vaccines at once may overwhelm a child's immune system and lead to autism, [188] even though this hypothesis has no scientific evidence and is ...
X-linked intellectual disability refers to medical disorders associated with X-linked recessive inheritance that result in intellectual disability. As with most X-linked disorders, males are more heavily affected than females. [1] Females with one affected X chromosome and one normal X chromosome tend to have milder symptoms.
Trisomy 18, also known as Edwards syndrome, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of all or part of chromosome 18. [3] Many parts of the body are affected. [ 3 ] Babies are often born small and have heart defects . [ 3 ]