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Dr Terrence Tumpey examines a reconstructed version of the Spanish flu virus at the CDC. An effort to recreate the Spanish flu strain (a strain of influenza A subtype H1N1) was a collaboration among the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, the USDA ARS Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, and Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York
Many theories about the origins and progress of the Spanish flu persisted in the literature, but it was not until 2005, when various samples of lung tissue were recovered from American World War I soldiers and from an Inupiat woman buried in permafrost in a mass grave in Brevig Mission, Alaska, that significant genetic research was made possible.
After spreading in Europe for six weeks the virus eventually crossed the Atlantic Ocean [27] aboard infected sailors to the New World. Records of the epidemic in the New World remain scant, however, as observers in New Spain may have been distracted by a very severe series of cocoliztli epidemics that wiped out half of Mexico's population ...
[58] The season's poor harvests and hunger in the Spanish population, [59] as well as negligent medical care, likely contributed to the severity of the influenza pandemic in Spain. Flu symptoms could be so intense that the region's physicians often distinguished it from other contagious, seasonal pneumonias that spread from East Europe. [60]
This is a timeline of influenza, briefly describing major events such as outbreaks, epidemics, pandemics, discoveries and developments of vaccines.In addition to specific year/period-related events, there is the seasonal flu that kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people every year and has claimed between 340 million and 1 billion human lives throughout history.
Future flu pandemics, which may be caused by an influenza virus of avian origin, [35] are viewed as almost inevitable, and increased globalization has made it easier for a pandemic virus to spread, [34] so there are continual efforts to prepare for future pandemics [76] and improve the prevention and treatment of influenza. [1]
The 1918 flu pandemic, commonly referred to as the Spanish flu, was a category 5 influenza pandemic caused by an unusually severe and deadly Influenza A virus strain of subtype H1N1. The difference between the influenza mortality age-distributions of the 1918 epidemic and normal epidemics.
Flu: The Story of the Great Influenza Pandemic of 1918 and the Search for the Virus That Caused It. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux. ISBN 0-333-75105-1. Closing in on a Killer: Scientists Unlock Clues to the Spanish Influenza Virus Archived 2014-03-10 at the Wayback Machine (exhibit at National Museum of Health and Medicine, 1996)