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In the laboratory, this liquid serves as a source of HCN, which is inconveniently volatile. [4] Thus, acetone cyanohydrin can be used for the preparation of other cyanohydrins, for the transformation of HCN to Michael acceptors, and for the formylation of arenes. Treatment of this cyanohydrin with lithium hydride affords anhydrous lithium cyanide:
Glycolonitrile, also called hydroxyacetonitrile or formaldehyde cyanohydrin, is the organic compound with the formula HOCH 2 CN. It is the simplest cyanohydrin and it is derived from formaldehyde . [ 3 ]
It is used as a surrogate in place of HCN, as illustrated by its use as a precursor to lithium cyanide: [8] (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN + LiH → (CH 3) 2 CO + LiCN + H 2. In transhydrocyanation, an equivalent of HCN is transferred from acetone cyanohydrin to another acceptor, with acetone as byproduct. The transfer is an equilibrium process, initiated by ...
The structure of a nitrile: the functional group is highlighted blue. In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group.The name of the compound is composed of a base, which includes the carbon of the −C≡N, suffixed with "nitrile", so for example CH 3 CH 2 C≡N is called "propionitrile" (or propanenitrile). [1]
In organic chemistry, a cyanohydrin reaction is an organic reaction in which an aldehyde (−CH=O) or ketone (>C=O) reacts with a cyanide anion ...
LiCN is produced from the reaction of lithium hydroxide and hydrogen cyanide. A laboratory-scale preparation uses acetone cyanohydrin as a surrogate for HCN: [5] (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN + LiH → (CH 3) 2 CO + LiCN + H 2
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Lethal dose or concentration (LD ... Cyanohydrin route. The principal route begins with the condensation of acetone and hydrogen cyanide: [4] (CH 3) 2 CO + HCN → ...