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  2. Sciatica - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciatica

    The sciatic nerve comprises nerve roots L4, L5, S1, S2, and S3 in the spine. [26] These nerve roots merge in the pelvic cavity to form the sacral plexus and the sciatic nerve branches from that. Sciatica symptoms can occur when there is pathology anywhere along the course of these nerves.

  3. Radiculopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiculopathy

    Cervical radiculopathy has an annual incidence rate of 107.3 per 100,000 for men and 63.5 per 100,000 for women, whereas lumbar radiculopathy has a prevalence of approximately 3-5% of the population. [ 26 ] [ 27 ] According to the AHRQ 's 2010 National Statistics for cervical radiculopathy, the most affected age group is between 45 and 64 years ...

  4. Tarlov cyst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarlov_cyst

    Radiculopathy; Although they are most frequently reported along sacral regions, they are rarely seen in other locations along the spine. [15] Women are more likely to exhibit symptoms [16] [17] They can also appear in clusters or bilaterally along the spine, thus symptoms can be unilateral, bilateral, or with symptoms more dominant on one side ...

  5. Spondylosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylosis

    In cervical spondylosis, a patient may be presented with dull neck pain with neck stiffness in the initial stages of the disease. As the disease progresses, symptoms related to radiculopathy (due to compression of exiting spinal nerve by narrowed intervertebral foramen) or myelopathy (due to compression on the spinal cord) can occur. [2]

  6. Spondylolisthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylolisthesis

    However, a general examination, most importantly neurological examination, must be done to rule out alternative causes for signs and symptoms. Neurological examination is often normal in patients with spondylolisthesis, but lumbosacral radiculopathy is commonly seen in patients with degenerate spondylolisthesis. [23]

  7. Sacral spinal nerve 2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacral_spinal_nerve_2

    S2 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S2. They are not innervated with S2 as single origin, but partly by S2 and partly by other spinal nerves. They are most commonly known to govern the toes. The muscles are: sphincter urethrae membranaceae; gluteus maximus muscle; piriformis; obturator internus muscle

  8. Disc herniation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_herniation

    With age the nucleus pulposus changes ("dries out") and the risk of herniation is greatly reduced. After age 50 or 60, osteoarthritic degeneration (spondylosis) or spinal stenosis are more likely causes of low back pain or leg pain. 4.8% of males and 2.5% of females older than 35 experience sciatica during their lifetime.

  9. Sacral plexus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacral_plexus

    S1-2 Piriformis: Obturator internus; L5, S1-2 Obturator internus and Superior gemellus: Quadratus femoris; L4-5, S1 Quadratus femoris and Inferior gemellus: Sciatic Sciatic: L4-S3 Semitendinosus (Tib) Semimembranosus (Tib) Biceps femoris. Long head (Tib) Short head (Fib) Adductor magnus (medial part, Tib) Common fibular: L4-S2 Lateral sural ...