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Vomiting (the expulsion of gastric contents) is usually preceded by retching, but retching and vomiting can occur separately [6] and involve different sets of muscles. [7] During a retch, thoracic pressure is decreased and abdominal pressure is increased , which may serve to position gastric contents and overcome esophageal resistance. [ 6 ]
Exposure methods, using video-taped exposure to others vomiting, [19] hypnosis, [20] exposure to nausea [21] and exposure to cues of vomiting, [22] systemic behavior therapy, [23] psychodynamic [24] and psychotherapy [25] have also shown positive effects for the treatment of emetophobia. However, in some cases it may cause re-traumatization ...
The term rumination is derived from the Latin word ruminare, which means to chew the cud. [22] First described in ancient times, and mentioned in the writings of Aristotle , rumination syndrome was clinically documented in 1618 by Italian anatomist Fabricus ab Aquapendente , who wrote of the symptoms in a patient of his.
Purging disorder is an eating disorder characterized by the DSM-5 as self-induced vomiting, or misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas to forcefully evacuate matter from the body. [1] Purging disorder differs from bulimia nervosa (BN) because individuals do not consume a large amount of food before they purge. [ 2 ]
Vomiting is dangerous if gastric content enters the respiratory tract. Under normal circumstances, the gag reflex and coughing prevent this from occurring; however, these protective reflexes are compromised in persons who are under the influence of certain substances (including alcohol ) or even mildly anesthetized .
Emetic (to induce vomiting) therapy and faradic (administered shock) aversion therapy have been used to induce aversion for cocaine dependency. [5] When used in a multimodal program, chemical aversion therapy displayed high patient acceptability among cocaine users as well as promising outcomes such as aversions to the sight, taste, and smell of the drug.
Brief therapy differs from other schools of therapy in that it emphasizes (1) a focus on a specific problem and (2) direct intervention. In brief therapy, the therapist takes responsibility for working more pro-actively with the client in order to treat clinical and subjective conditions faster.
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder is not simple "picky eating" commonly seen in toddlers and young children, which usually resolves on its own. [2]In ARFID, the behaviors are so severe that they lead to nutritional deficiencies, poor weight gain (or significant weight loss), and/or significant interference with "psychosocial functioning."